Nursing Elites

1. What should an adolescent with type 1 diabetes do if an insulin reaction is experienced while at a basketball game?

• A. Call your parents immediately.
• B. Buy a soda and hamburger to eat.
• C. Administer insulin as soon as possible.
• D. Leave the arena and rest until the symptoms subside.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choosing option B, 'Buy a soda and hamburger to eat,' is the most appropriate action for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes experiencing an insulin reaction during a basketball game. In this situation, the individual is likely experiencing hypoglycemia, and consuming a soda provides a quick source of sugar to raise blood glucose levels rapidly. The hamburger can offer a more sustained release of energy due to its protein and fat content. Option A is incorrect because while contacting parents for help may be necessary in some situations, immediate action to address hypoglycemia is crucial. Option C is incorrect because administering insulin would further lower blood sugar levels, worsening the condition. Option D is incorrect as leaving the arena without addressing the hypoglycemia can lead to a worsening of symptoms and potentially dangerous outcomes.

2. When explaining exercise in type 1 diabetes to the parents of a newly diagnosed child, what should the nurse emphasize?

• A. Exercise will increase blood glucose levels
• B. Exercise should be restricted
• C. Extra snacks are needed before exercise
• D. Extra insulin is required during exercise

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In children with type 1 diabetes, it is essential to emphasize the need for extra snacks before exercise to prevent hypoglycemia. Choice A is incorrect because exercise typically lowers blood glucose levels, not increases them. Choice B is inappropriate as exercise is beneficial but needs to be managed carefully. Choice D is inaccurate as extra insulin during exercise can lead to hypoglycemia.

3. A 2-year-old child with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder is being discharged. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

• A. Maintain a structured routine
• B. Encourage social interaction
• C. Use positive reinforcement
• D. Use a communication board

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to maintain a structured routine. Children with autism spectrum disorder benefit from a structured routine as it provides them with stability and predictability, which can help reduce anxiety and improve behavior management. Encouraging social interaction (Choice B) may not be suitable for all children with autism, as some may struggle with social skills. While positive reinforcement (Choice C) is a helpful strategy, maintaining a structured routine is more essential for overall management in children with autism spectrum disorder. Using a communication board (Choice D) may be beneficial for communication, but establishing a structured routine is a foundational strategy that should be prioritized in the discharge teaching for a child with autism spectrum disorder.

4. A 34-year-old woman, who is 36 weeks pregnant, is having a seizure. After you protect her airway and ensure adequate ventilation, you should transport her

• A. on her left side
• B. in the prone position
• C. in the supine position
• D. in a semi-sitting position

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a pregnant woman experiences a seizure, it is crucial to transport her on her left side. This position helps to improve blood flow to the fetus by preventing compression of the inferior vena cava, reducing the risk of further complications. Placing her in the prone position (lying face down) or supine position (lying on her back) may compromise blood flow to the fetus and lead to adverse outcomes. Similarly, transporting her in a semi-sitting position may not provide the optimal circulation needed for both the woman and the fetus during this critical situation.

5. When evaluating the laboratory report of a 1-year-old infant’s hematocrit, a healthcare professional compares it with the expected hematocrit range for this age group. What is the hematocrit of a healthy 12-month-old infant?

• A. 19% to 32%
• B. 29% to 41%
• C. 37% to 47%
• D. 42% to 69%

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 37% to 47%. The normal hematocrit range for a 12-month-old infant is between 37% to 47%, which reflects the expected blood volume and red blood cell levels for this age. Choice A (19% to 32%) and Choice B (29% to 41%) are too low and do not encompass the typical hematocrit range for a healthy 1-year-old. Choice D (42% to 69%) is too high and falls outside the usual hematocrit values for this age group.

Similar Questions