HESI LPN
Nutrition Final Exam Quizlet
1. What should be a priority for a 4-year-old child with nephrosis?
- A. Impaired body image
- B. Skin impairment
- C. Nutritional deficit
- D. Injury
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skin impairment. Skin care is a priority in nephrosis due to edema and increased risk of skin breakdown, requiring careful monitoring and management. While impaired body image (Choice A) can be a concern, it is not typically a priority in a 4-year-old with nephrosis. Nutritional deficit (Choice C) is important but addressing skin impairment takes precedence due to the immediate risk of complications related to skin breakdown. Injury (Choice D) is a general concern for children but is not the priority in a child with nephrosis.
2. What is one benefit of using a large sample size in an experiment?
- A. Chance variation is less likely to affect the results.
- B. The possibility of a placebo effect is eliminated.
- C. The experiment will be double-blind.
- D. The control group will be similar to the experimental group.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Using a large sample size reduces the likelihood of chance variation affecting the results, providing more reliable data. Choice B is incorrect because the placebo effect is related to participants' beliefs, not sample size. Choice C is incorrect as double-blind refers to a method of reducing bias, not directly related to sample size. Choice D is incorrect because the similarity between the control and experimental groups is not solely dependent on sample size.
3. The healthcare provider is caring for a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which symptom would be most concerning?
- A. Pain in the affected leg
- B. Redness and warmth in the affected leg
- C. Shortness of breath
- D. Swelling in the affected leg
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Shortness of breath is the most concerning symptom in a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) because it could indicate a pulmonary embolism. A pulmonary embolism is a serious complication of DVT where a blood clot travels to the lungs and can be life-threatening. Immediate medical attention is required to prevent further complications. Pain, redness, warmth, and swelling in the affected leg are common symptoms of DVT itself but do not pose the same level of immediate danger as the potential for a pulmonary embolism.
4. During a neurologic examination, which assessment should a nurse perform to test a client's balance?
- A. Romberg test
- B. Heel-to-toe walk
- C. Snellen test
- D. Spinal accessory function
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Romberg test is used to assess a client's balance by evaluating their ability to maintain a steady posture with eyes closed. The heel-to-toe walk is another assessment that tests balance by assessing gait and coordination. The Snellen test is used to assess visual acuity and is unrelated to balance. Testing spinal accessory function involves assessing the movement of the head and shoulders and is not directly related to balance assessment.
5. A child with a diagnosis of celiac disease is being discharged. What dietary instructions should the nurse provide?
- A. Avoid dairy products
- B. Avoid gluten
- C. Avoid high-fat foods
- D. Avoid foods high in sugar
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Avoid gluten.' Celiac disease is a condition in which the immune system reacts to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Avoiding gluten is essential in managing celiac disease as it helps prevent damage to the small intestine and alleviate symptoms. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because dairy products, high-fat foods, and foods high in sugar do not directly relate to the management of celiac disease. It is crucial to focus on eliminating gluten-containing foods to effectively control the condition.