what is the first step for thermal protection of a newborn

HESI LPN

Community Health HESI Practice Questions

1. What is the FIRST STEP for thermal protection of a newborn?

A. Drying the baby thoroughly immediately after birth
B. Covering the baby with a clean, dry cloth after the cord has been cut
C. Drying the baby thoroughly after the cord has been cut
D. Covering the baby with a clean, dry cloth immediately after birth

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct first step for thermal protection of a newborn is to dry the baby thoroughly immediately after birth. This helps prevent heat loss and is crucial in maintaining the baby's body temperature. Choice B, covering the baby with a clean, dry cloth after the cord has been cut, is not the initial step as drying the baby comes first. Choice C, drying the baby thoroughly after the cord has been cut, is also not the first step. Choice D, covering the baby with a clean, dry cloth immediately after birth, is not as effective as drying the baby to prevent heat loss.

2. A Hispanic client confides in the nurse that she is concerned that staff may give her newborn the 'evil eye.' The nurse should communicate to other personnel that the appropriate approach is to

A. Touch the baby after looking at him
B. Talk very slowly while speaking to him
C. Avoid touching the child
D. Look only at the parents

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In some Hispanic cultures, touching the baby after looking at them is believed to prevent the 'evil eye.' Respecting this cultural belief can help build trust and comfort with the client. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the specific cultural concern raised by the client. Talking slowly or avoiding touching the child does not relate to the belief in the 'evil eye.' Similarly, focusing only on the parents does not address the client's worry about the newborn receiving the 'evil eye.'

3. Barangay Mabulaklak has poor hygienic practices and poor environmental conditions. These are contributing factors to which of the following disease conditions?

A. influenza
B. hepatitis B
C. parasitism
D. measles

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Poor hygienic practices and poor environmental conditions often create an environment conducive to the spread of parasites. Parasitism refers to the condition where parasites live on or in a host organism, potentially causing harm. In this scenario, the unsanitary conditions in Barangay Mabulaklak can lead to an increased risk of parasitic infections. The other options, influenza, hepatitis B, and measles, are not directly linked to poor hygiene and environmental conditions as parasitism is.

4. Which of the following patients should the home care nurse assess first?

A. A 65-year-old male with known COPD and difficulty breathing after climbing a flight of stairs.
B. A 78-year-old with CHF who has gained 4 lbs according to her tele-monitoring.
C. A 50-year-old with bilateral leg swelling and difficulty walking.
D. A 60-year-old with lower back pain.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. A patient with known COPD and difficulty breathing after physical exertion like climbing stairs requires immediate assessment by the nurse. This could indicate a potential exacerbation of COPD, which needs prompt intervention to prevent respiratory distress. Choices B, C, and D describe important patient situations that also require attention, but the urgency is higher with a COPD patient experiencing difficulty breathing.

5. A child is diagnosed with poison ivy. The mother tells the nurse that she does not know how her child contracted the rash since he had not been playing in wooded areas. As the nurse asks questions about possible contact, which of the following would the nurse recognize as highest risk for exposure?

A. Playing with toys in a backyard flower garden
B. Eating small amounts of grass while playing 'farm'
C. Playing with cars on the pavement near burning leaves
D. Throwing a ball to a neighborhood child who has poison ivy

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Poison ivy can be contracted through smoke from burning plants, which can carry the urushiol oil that causes the rash. Playing near burning leaves would be the highest risk for exposure in this scenario. Choices A, B, and D do not involve direct contact with burning plants or leaves, making them lower-risk activities for exposure to poison ivy.