Nursing Elites

1. What is one primary factor that influences nutrient needs in individuals?

• A. Age
• B. Gender
• C. Genetics
• D. Physical activity level

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct. Age is one of the primary factors influencing nutrient needs. Different life stages, such as infancy, childhood, adulthood, and old age, require varying amounts of nutrients. Gender (choice B) can influence nutrient needs to some extent, but age plays a more significant role. Genetics (choice C) may affect how individuals metabolize certain nutrients but is not a primary factor in determining overall nutrient needs. Physical activity level (choice D) can impact energy requirements but is not as fundamental as age in influencing overall nutrient needs.

2. In what position does the Pavlik harness hold a child's femurs for developmental hip dysplasia?

• A. Abduction
• B. Adduction
• C. Flexion
• D. Extension

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Pavlik harness is designed to position a child's femurs in abduction for developmental hip dysplasia. Abduction helps align the hip joint correctly and promotes proper development in cases of hip dysplasia. Adduction (choice B) brings the legs closer to the midline, which is not the desired position in this condition. Flexion (choice C) refers to bending at a joint, while extension (choice D) is the opposite of flexion. However, in the case of developmental hip dysplasia, abduction is crucial for the Pavlik harness to work effectively.

3. What is the priority assessment for a child with suspected appendicitis?

• A. Temperature
• B. Heart rate
• C. Respiratory rate
• D. Pain level

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The priority assessment for a child with suspected appendicitis is 'Pain level.' Evaluating the pain level, particularly in the lower right quadrant, is crucial as it helps in determining the severity of the condition, leading to prompt diagnosis and treatment. Monitoring temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate are important aspects of assessment; however, they are secondary to assessing the pain level in cases of suspected appendicitis. Pain assessment is key in diagnosing this condition since the classic presentation includes abdominal pain that often starts around the umbilicus and then localizes to the right lower quadrant.

4. What is a key aspect of managing a child with eczema?

• A. Daily baths with soap
• B. Regular use of emollients and moisturizers
• C. High-protein diet
• D. Frequent exposure to sunlight

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Regular use of emollients and moisturizers is a key aspect of managing eczema in children. Emollients help maintain skin hydration and reduce irritation, which are crucial in managing eczema symptoms. Daily baths with soap can actually worsen eczema by drying out the skin further. A high-protein diet and frequent exposure to sunlight are not directly related to managing eczema and may not have a significant impact on the condition.

5. An essential nutrient is one that ___

• A. must be made in large quantities by the body
• B. can only be synthesized by the body
• C. cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body
• D. is used to synthesize other compounds in the body

Correct answer: C

Rationale: An essential nutrient is a substance that cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body itself, so it must be obtained from the diet. Choice A is incorrect because essential nutrients are required in specific amounts, not necessarily large quantities. Choice B is incorrect as essential nutrients cannot be synthesized by the body at all. Choice D is incorrect because although essential nutrients may be used in the synthesis of other compounds, that is not the defining characteristic of an essential nutrient.

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