Nursing Elites

1. What is a common side effect of the antibiotic tetracycline in children?

• A. Discoloration of teeth
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Elevated blood glucose levels
• D. Decreased bone density

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Discoloration of teeth is a well-known side effect of tetracycline, especially when administered to children below 8 years of age. Tetracycline can bind to calcium ions in developing teeth, causing them to become discolored and appear yellow or brown. Increased appetite, elevated blood glucose levels, and decreased bone density are not commonly associated with the use of tetracycline in children, making them incorrect choices.

2. Which medication is typically used for long-term control of asthma?

• A. Albuterol
• B. Theophylline
• C. Ipratropium
• D. Prednisone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Theophylline. Theophylline is commonly used for long-term control of asthma by relaxing the muscles around the airways to keep them open, making breathing easier. Albuterol (choice A) is a short-acting bronchodilator for quick relief of asthma symptoms, not for long-term control. Ipratropium (choice C) is another short-acting bronchodilator that helps open the airways but is not typically used for long-term control. Prednisone (choice D) is a corticosteroid usually used for short periods to control asthma exacerbations or flare-ups, not as a long-term control medication.

3. Why would a person who eats a bowl of oatmeal for breakfast every day most likely be making a food choice based on ___?

• A. habit
• B. availability
• C. body image
• D. environmental concerns

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: habit. Eating the same food regularly often stems from habit, which is a behavior that is repeated regularly and tends to occur subconsciously. Choice B, availability, is incorrect as it refers to the accessibility of a particular food rather than the frequency of consumption. Choice C, body image, is also incorrect as this term relates to how one perceives their own body rather than their food choices. Choice D, environmental concerns, is unrelated to the scenario provided, which is about the frequency of choosing oatmeal for breakfast.

4. Which characteristic is most typical of a chronic disease?

• A. It has a rapid onset.
• B. It rarely has noticeable symptoms.
• C. It produces sharp pains.
• D. It progresses gradually.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chronic diseases are characterized by a gradual progression over time, affecting individuals for an extended period. Option A is incorrect as chronic diseases do not have a rapid onset like acute conditions. Option B is incorrect as chronic diseases often manifest noticeable symptoms. Option C is incorrect as sharp pains are not a defining characteristic of chronic diseases. Chronic diseases can present a variety of symptoms depending on the specific condition, but gradual progression is a common feature distinguishing them from acute illnesses.

5. Which statement is true of minerals in their role as nutrients?

• A. They are organic compounds.
• B. They yield 4 kilocalories per gram.
• C. Some become dissolved in body fluids.
• D. Some are destroyed during cooking.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct statement is that some minerals become dissolved in body fluids, making them available for absorption and utilization by the body. Minerals are not organic compounds, so choice A is incorrect. Choice B is incorrect because minerals do not provide energy like macronutrients such as carbohydrates and fats. Choice D is incorrect because minerals are elements and cannot be destroyed by cooking; however, their availability and absorption may be affected by cooking methods.

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