Nursing Elites

1. The Philippine Family Program seeks to improve and maintain which of the following life-saving measures?

• A. proper spacing of pregnancies
• B. proper timing of pregnancies
• C. fewer pregnancies
• D. all of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, all of the above. The Philippine Family Program aims to enhance and sustain proper spacing of pregnancies, proper timing of pregnancies, and reducing the number of pregnancies. These measures are essential for promoting maternal and child health, preventing complications, and ensuring better outcomes. Choices A, B, and C are all part of the comprehensive approach taken by the program to safeguard the well-being of families and contribute to overall public health.

2. While caring for a client with infective endocarditis, the nurse must be alert for signs of pulmonary embolism. Which of the following assessment findings suggests this complication?

• A. Positive Homan's sign
• B. Fever and chills
• C. Dyspnea and cough
• D. Sensory impairment

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Dyspnea and cough.' Pulmonary embolism often presents with a sudden onset of dyspnea (difficulty breathing) and cough, which are due to the obstruction of blood flow in the pulmonary arteries. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Positive Homan's sign is associated with deep vein thrombosis, fever and chills are nonspecific symptoms commonly seen in infective endocarditis, and sensory impairment is not typically indicative of pulmonary embolism.

3. Which of the following behaviors is influenced by cultural expectations?

• A. talking openly about the details of the illness
• B. deciding whether to 'feed a cold' or 'starve a fever'
• C. taking herbal supplements to boost the immune system
• D. all of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cultural expectations can influence all the listed behaviors. Talking openly about the details of an illness may be culturally acceptable or taboo. The decision to 'feed a cold' or 'starve a fever' is often influenced by cultural beliefs and practices. Additionally, the use of herbal supplements to boost the immune system can also be shaped by cultural norms and traditions. Therefore, all the behaviors listed can be influenced by cultural expectations, making option D the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because cultural expectations can impact each of these behaviors.

4. When the nurse identifies what appears to be ventricular tachycardia on the cardiac monitor of a client being evaluated for possible myocardial infarction, the first action the nurse should perform is to

• A. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• B. Prepare for immediate defibrillation
• C. Notify the 'Code' team and healthcare provider
• D. Assess airway, breathing, and circulation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take when identifying what appears to be ventricular tachycardia in a client being evaluated for possible myocardial infarction is to assess the client's airway, breathing, and circulation. This step is crucial to determine the client's stability and the need for immediate intervention. Beginning cardiopulmonary resuscitation or preparing for immediate defibrillation without first assessing the airway, breathing, and circulation could delay potentially life-saving interventions. Notifying the 'Code' team and healthcare provider should come after ensuring the client's immediate needs are addressed.

5. A community that uses the resources of a neighborhood church to provide a latchkey children program, to sponsor prayer/support groups for people who are ill, and to grow a community health garden that sends vegetables to elderly shut-ins is engaged in what kind of activity?

• A. disease prevention
• B. health protection
• C. risk management
• D. health balance

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the community activities described focus on supporting and promoting overall well-being, which aligns with the concept of health protection. Choice A, disease prevention, is incorrect as the activities are more about supporting health rather than preventing specific diseases. Choice C, risk management, does not fit as the activities are not primarily about managing risks. Choice D, health balance, is not the most appropriate choice as the activities are aimed at protecting and enhancing health rather than achieving a balance.

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