Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old girl with an endocrine disorder involving the posterior pituitary gland. What care would the nurse expect to implement?

• A. Instructing the parents to report adverse reactions to the growth hormone treatment
• B. Teaching the parents how to administer desmopressin acetate
• C. Informing the parents that treatment continues during puberty
• D. Educating the parents to report signs of acute adrenal crisis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: For a child with a disorder of the posterior pituitary gland, desmopressin acetate is a medication commonly used to manage the condition by replacing the antidiuretic hormone. Instructing the parents on how to administer desmopressin acetate correctly is essential for the child's care. Choice A is incorrect because growth hormone treatment is not typically used for posterior pituitary disorders. Choice C is incorrect as treatment for this condition usually continues beyond puberty. Choice D is incorrect as acute adrenal crisis is not directly related to a disorder of the posterior pituitary gland.

2. The nurse is assisting low-income families to access health care. The nurse is aware that, in today's society, this most accurately defines the diversity of a modern family.

• A. A family consists of parents and their offspring living together.
• B. A family is whatever the child and family say it is.
• C. A family is two or more people related or unrelated who are living together.
• D. A family is two or more genetically related persons living together with separate roles.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In today's diverse society, the concept of family has evolved beyond traditional definitions. Choice B, 'A family is whatever the child and family say it is,' reflects the contemporary understanding that families can take various forms, based on self-identification and individual perspectives. Choice A is too restrictive, as modern families may not solely consist of parents and their offspring living together. Choice C is somewhat inclusive but lacks the recognition of self-identification and diversity within families. Choice D focuses on genetic relation and roles, which may not apply to all modern family structures. Therefore, choice B is the most suitable and inclusive definition of a modern family in today's society.

3. What is an important nursing consideration for a child with a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) being treated with methotrexate?

• A. Monitor liver function tests regularly
• B. Encourage regular exercise
• C. Provide high-calorie snacks
• D. Encourage frequent handwashing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor liver function tests regularly. Methotrexate, commonly used in JIA, can be hepatotoxic. Regular monitoring of liver function tests is crucial to detect any signs of liver damage early. While encouraging regular exercise (choice B) is generally beneficial for overall health, it is not directly related to methotrexate therapy. Providing high-calorie snacks (choice C) is not a necessary consideration in this context and can be misleading. Encouraging frequent handwashing (choice D) is important for infection control but is not specifically related to the medication methotrexate.

4. Which of the following statements regarding 2-rescuer child CPR is correct?

• A. The chest should not be allowed to fully recoil in between compressions as this may impede venous return.
• B. Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one-half to one third the diameter of the chest.
• C. The chest should be compressed with one hand and a compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 should be delivered.
• D. A compression to ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be delivered without pauses in compressions to deliver ventilations.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct statement regarding 2-rescuer child CPR is to compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one-half to one third the diameter of the chest. This technique ensures effective chest compressions without causing excessive damage to the chest. Choice A is incorrect because allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions is essential to facilitate optimal blood flow during CPR. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2, which is not the recommended ratio for child CPR. Choice D is incorrect as a compression to ventilation ratio of 15:2 is not standard practice for child CPR, and pauses in compressions are necessary to provide ventilations effectively.

5. A nurse is caring for an infant with phenylketonuria (PKU). What diet should the nurse anticipate will be ordered by the healthcare provider?

• A. Fat-free
• B. Protein-enriched
• C. Phenylalanine-free
• D. Low-phenylalanine

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A low-phenylalanine diet is necessary for infants with PKU because it helps prevent the accumulation of phenylalanine, which can result in brain damage. Fat-free (Choice A) and protein-enriched (Choice B) diets are not specifically indicated for PKU. While phenylalanine-free (Choice C) may seem logical, complete elimination of phenylalanine is not practical or safe as it is an essential amino acid. Therefore, the correct choice is a low-phenylalanine diet, which restricts phenylalanine intake to a safe level.

Similar Questions