Nursing Elites

1. During a check-up for a 5-year-old child with eczema before school starts, what will the nurse do?

• A. Change the bandage on a cut on the child’s hand.
• B. Assess the compliance with treatment regimens.
• C. Discuss systemic corticosteroid therapy.
• D. Assess the child’s fluid volume.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Assessing compliance with treatment regimens is crucial in managing eczema effectively and preventing flare-ups. This involves ensuring that the child is following the prescribed treatment plan, which may include medication application, skincare routines, and lifestyle modifications. Changing a bandage on a cut would not be a routine part of an eczema check-up unless there was a specific wound related to eczema. Discussing systemic corticosteroid therapy may be part of the management plan for severe eczema cases but would not be the primary focus during a routine check-up. Assessing the child’s fluid volume, while important in general health assessments, is not directly related to managing eczema specifically.

2. You are called to a residence for a 'sick' 5-year-old child. When you arrive and begin your assessment, you note that the child is unconscious with a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min and a heart rate of 50 beats/min. Management of this child should consist of

• A. 100% oxygen via a non-rebreathing mask and rapid transport
• B. positive pressure ventilations with a BVM device and rapid transport
• C. chest compressions, artificial ventilations, and rapid transport
• D. back blows and chest thrusts while attempting artificial ventilations

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In a 5-year-old child who is unconscious with a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min and a heart rate of 50 beats/min, the priority is to initiate chest compressions, artificial ventilations, and rapid transport. These vital interventions are crucial in cases of severe respiratory and cardiovascular compromise. Choice A is incorrect because administering 100% oxygen alone may not address the underlying issues of inadequate ventilation and circulatory support. Choice B is not the most appropriate initial intervention in this scenario; chest compressions should precede positive pressure ventilations. Choice D is incorrect as back blows and chest thrusts are indicated in choking emergencies, not in this case of respiratory and cardiovascular compromise.

3. A 6-year-old child with a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is being discharged. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

• A. Encourage participation in physical activity
• B. Provide a high-calorie diet
• C. Provide a low-sodium diet
• D. Administer intravenous fluids

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging regular physical activity is crucial in managing symptoms and improving joint function in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. It helps maintain joint mobility, muscle strength, and overall well-being. Providing a high-calorie diet (Choice B) is not typically recommended unless there are specific nutritional concerns or growth issues. A low-sodium diet (Choice C) may be beneficial in conditions like hypertension, but it is not a primary focus for JIA management. Administering intravenous fluids (Choice D) is not a routine part of managing JIA unless specifically indicated for hydration or medication administration.

4. A child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. What is the priority need that must be included in the nursing plan of care for this child?

• A. Rest
• B. Exercise
• C. Nutrition
• D. Elimination

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rest. When a child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia, the priority need in the nursing plan of care is to ensure adequate rest. Rest is crucial as it allows the child's body to fight the infection and recover. Choice B, Exercise, would not be appropriate as the child needs rest to conserve energy and promote healing. Choice C, Nutrition, is important for overall health but may not be the immediate priority when the child is acutely ill with pneumonia. Choice D, Elimination, is important but is not the priority need in this scenario compared to ensuring rest to aid recovery from pneumonia.

5. A nurse plans to talk to the parents of a toddler about toilet training. What should the nurse explain is the most important factor in the process of toilet training?

• A. Parents’ attitude towards it
• B. Child’s motivation to remain dry
• C. Child’s ability to sit independently on the toilet
• D. Parents’ commitment to work on the toilet training

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The most crucial factor in successful toilet training is the parents' commitment to consistently work with their child. While parents' attitude and willingness are important, the key is their dedication to the process. The child's motivation and ability are also significant but rely heavily on parental guidance and support. Therefore, the correct choice is the parents' commitment to work on toilet training.

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