the mother of a 5 year old child with eczema is getting a check up for her child before school starts what will the nurse do during the visit
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Nursing Elites

HESI LPN

Pediatric HESI 2023

1. During a check-up for a 5-year-old child with eczema before school starts, what will the nurse do?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Assessing compliance with treatment regimens is crucial in managing eczema effectively and preventing flare-ups. This involves ensuring that the child is following the prescribed treatment plan, which may include medication application, skincare routines, and lifestyle modifications. Changing a bandage on a cut would not be a routine part of an eczema check-up unless there was a specific wound related to eczema. Discussing systemic corticosteroid therapy may be part of the management plan for severe eczema cases but would not be the primary focus during a routine check-up. Assessing the child’s fluid volume, while important in general health assessments, is not directly related to managing eczema specifically.

2. At 7 AM, a healthcare professional receives the information that an adolescent with diabetes has a 6:30 AM fasting blood glucose level of 180 mg/dL. What is the priority nursing action at this time?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct priority nursing action in this situation is to administer the prescribed dose of rapid-acting insulin. Rapid-acting insulin is necessary to help lower the elevated blood glucose level quickly, thereby preventing potential complications of hyperglycemia. Encouraging exercise, obtaining a glucometer reading, or suggesting consumption of complex carbohydrates like cheese may not address the immediate need to bring down the high blood glucose level effectively. Exercise could potentially raise blood glucose levels, obtaining a glucometer reading may delay necessary treatment, and consuming complex carbohydrates can further elevate blood glucose levels in this scenario.

3. A nurse is teaching a parent how to prevent accidents while caring for a 6-month-old infant. What ability should be emphasized regarding the infant’s motor development?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is "B: Rolls over." At 6 months, most infants can roll over, which increases the risk of falls. Emphasizing the infant's ability to roll over is crucial to highlight the need for careful supervision and accident prevention. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because sitting up, crawling short distances, and standing while holding on to furniture typically develop later in an infant's motor skills progression and are not as directly associated with an increased risk of accidents at this stage.

4. The nurse is assessing a 9-year-old girl with a history of tuberculosis at age 6 years. She has been losing weight and has no appetite. The nurse suspects Addison disease based on which assessment findings?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hyperpigmentation and hypotension. These findings are classic signs of Addison disease, caused by adrenal insufficiency. Hyperpigmentation results from increased ACTH stimulating melanin production, and hypotension occurs due to mineralocorticoid deficiency. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Arrested height and increased weight are not typical of Addison disease. Thin, fragile skin and multiple bruises are seen in conditions like Cushing's syndrome, not Addison disease. Blurred vision and enuresis are not characteristic symptoms of Addison disease.

5. The healthcare provider is assessing a family to determine if they have access to adequate health care. Which statement accurately describes how certain families are affected by common barriers to health care?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is the correct answer as white, non-Hispanic children are more likely to be in very good or excellent health compared to African American and Hispanic children. This is an important disparity in health outcomes that may be influenced by various social determinants. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe how certain families are affected by common barriers to health care. Choice A discusses the declining percentage of children in low-income families, which is not directly related to barriers to health care. Choice C talks about overweight children and the increase in African American females but does not address access to health care. Choice D discusses the impact of health care plans on working families but does not specifically address barriers to health care access for families.

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