Nursing Elites

1. During a check-up for a 5-year-old child with eczema before school starts, what will the nurse do?

• A. Change the bandage on a cut on the child’s hand.
• B. Assess the compliance with treatment regimens.
• C. Discuss systemic corticosteroid therapy.
• D. Assess the child’s fluid volume.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Assessing compliance with treatment regimens is crucial in managing eczema effectively and preventing flare-ups. This involves ensuring that the child is following the prescribed treatment plan, which may include medication application, skincare routines, and lifestyle modifications. Changing a bandage on a cut would not be a routine part of an eczema check-up unless there was a specific wound related to eczema. Discussing systemic corticosteroid therapy may be part of the management plan for severe eczema cases but would not be the primary focus during a routine check-up. Assessing the child’s fluid volume, while important in general health assessments, is not directly related to managing eczema specifically.

2. A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). What is the priority nursing intervention?

• A. Administering chemotherapy
• B. Preventing infection
• C. Monitoring for signs of bleeding
• D. Providing nutritional support

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering chemotherapy. In the care of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the priority nursing intervention is administering chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for ALL and plays a crucial role in managing the disease. While preventing infection, monitoring for signs of bleeding, and providing nutritional support are important aspects of caring for a child with ALL, administering chemotherapy takes precedence as it directly targets the cancer cells and aims to induce remission.

3. When assessing the perfusion status of a 2-year-old child with possible shock, which of the following parameters would be LEAST reliable?

• A. distal capillary refill
• B. systolic blood pressure
• C. skin color and temperature
• D. presence of peripheral pulses

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: systolic blood pressure. In young children, systolic blood pressure is the least reliable parameter for assessing perfusion status. Factors such as anxiety, crying, and fear can significantly affect blood pressure measurements, leading to inaccuracies. Distal capillary refill, skin color and temperature, and presence of peripheral pulses are more reliable indicators of perfusion status in pediatric patients. Distal capillary refill assesses peripheral perfusion, skin color, and temperature reflect tissue perfusion, and the presence of peripheral pulses indicates blood flow to the extremities. Therefore, when evaluating a 2-year-old child with possible shock, focusing on parameters other than systolic blood pressure is crucial for an accurate assessment of perfusion status.

4. What is a common finding that the nurse can identify in most children with symptomatic cardiac malformations?

• A. Mental retardation
• B. Inherited genetic factors
• C. Delayed physical growth
• D. Clubbing of the fingertips

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Delayed physical growth is a common finding in most children with symptomatic cardiac malformations. This occurs due to inadequate oxygenation and nutrient supply to tissues as a result of the cardiac defect. Mental retardation (Choice A) is not typically associated with cardiac malformations unless there are complications affecting brain function. Inherited genetic factors (Choice B) may contribute to the development of cardiac malformations but are not a direct common finding in affected children. Clubbing of the fingertips (Choice D) is more commonly associated with chronic respiratory or cardiac conditions, not specifically cardiac malformations in children.

5. When caring for a 2-year-old girl who is wheezing and has difficulty breathing, which interview question would provide the most useful information related to the symptoms of the child?

• A. Inquiring about child safety in the home
• B. Asking about the temperament of the child
• C. Asking about the child's diet
• D. Asking the parents if they smoke in the home

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Asking the parents if they smoke in the home is the most relevant question as exposure to secondhand smoke can exacerbate respiratory symptoms like wheezing and difficulty breathing in children. Smoking indoors can worsen the child's condition and is crucial information for the healthcare provider to assess and address. Inquiring about child safety in the home, asking about the child's temperament, and questioning the child's diet are important aspects of care but are not directly linked to the immediate respiratory symptoms the child is experiencing.

Similar Questions