Nursing Elites

1. The family health care plan includes the following listed in sequence:

• A. objective, statement of the problem, intervention, and evaluation
• B. objectives, intervention, evaluation, and statement of the problem
• C. evaluation, statement of the problems, objectives, and interventions
• D. statement of the problems, objectives, intervention, and evaluation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a family health care plan, the correct sequence should start with identifying the problems (statement of the problems), setting objectives, planning interventions, and then evaluating the outcomes. This sequence ensures a logical and structured approach to healthcare planning. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not follow the logical order of healthcare planning steps.

2. A community health RN believes that immunization rates in a lower socioeconomic section of the city are probably below the target set by the state health department. What action should the RN take FIRST to intervene with this health problem?

• A. Take a health history of the members of the community
• B. Initiate an immunization program for the community
• C. Review current epidemiological population data that might document a low immunization rate
• D. Refer all clients to the local health department

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct first action for the community health RN to take in this situation is to review current epidemiological population data that might document a low immunization rate. By doing so, the RN can gather evidence to support further intervention strategies. Option A is incorrect because taking a health history would not provide immediate data on immunization rates in the community. Option B is incorrect as initiating an immunization program without confirming the actual immunization rates may not address the specific needs of the community. Option D is incorrect as a blanket referral without assessing the situation may not be the most effective first step.

3. The following statements pertain to devolution as mandated by the local government code. Which of these is not correct?

• A. People can participate in policymaking relative to healthcare delivery.
• B. Devolution will enhance the quality of community life.
• C. The barangay shall set criteria as to who shall be given priority in the delivery of healthcare services.
• D. The DOH shall transfer regulatory function of inspecting food establishments to local government units.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The Department of Health (DOH) retains regulatory functions for inspecting food establishments, and it is not transferred to local government units. Choices A, B, and C are correct because devolution allows people to participate in policymaking for healthcare, enhances community life quality, and empowers the barangay to set criteria for healthcare service prioritization.

4. When caring for premature newborns in an intensive care setting, a nurse carefully monitors oxygen concentration. What is the most common complication of this therapy?

• A. Intraventricular hemorrhage
• B. Retinopathy of prematurity
• C. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
• D. Necrotizing enterocolitis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Retinopathy of prematurity is the most common complication in premature infants exposed to high concentrations of oxygen. This condition leads to abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina, which can potentially result in blindness if not managed promptly. Intraventricular hemorrhage, though a significant concern in premature infants, is not directly related to oxygen therapy. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is primarily associated with mechanical ventilation and oxygen exposure over time, not specifically with oxygen concentration monitoring. Necrotizing enterocolitis is more linked to gastrointestinal issues and is not the most common complication of oxygen therapy in premature newborns.

5. Which of the following would be the best strategy for the nurse to use when teaching insulin injection techniques to a newly diagnosed client with diabetes?

• A. Provide written pre and post tests
• B. Ask questions during practice
• C. Allow another diabetic to assist
• D. Observe a return demonstration

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The best strategy for the nurse to use when teaching insulin injection techniques to a newly diagnosed client with diabetes is to observe a return demonstration. This method ensures that the client can correctly perform the technique. Providing written pre and post tests (choice A) may assess knowledge but not application. Asking questions during practice (choice B) may help with understanding but not necessarily with the actual performance. Allowing another diabetic to assist (choice C) may provide peer support but does not guarantee correct technique demonstration.

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