Nursing Elites

1. Parents of a 6-month-old child, diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, ask why it was not diagnosed earlier. What should the nurse say?

• A. Are you sure your child has iron deficiency anemia?
• B. Maternal stores of iron are depleted at about 6 months.
• C. This anemia is caused by blood loss.
• D. The child may not have had it for a long time.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Maternal stores of iron are depleted at about 6 months.' Iron deficiency anemia becomes apparent around 6 months of age when the infant's iron stores, primarily received from the mother during pregnancy, are depleted. This timing coincides with the introduction of solid foods, which may lack sufficient iron. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the specific reason why iron deficiency anemia is typically diagnosed around 6 months of age.

2. How should a healthcare professional approach the care of a child with a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes?

• A. Emphasize the importance of blood glucose monitoring
• B. Avoid insulin therapy
• C. Encourage a high-carbohydrate diet
• D. Recommend alternative therapies only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Emphasizing the importance of blood glucose monitoring is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes effectively. Monitoring blood glucose levels helps in maintaining optimal control of the condition, adjusting treatment plans as necessary, and preventing complications. Choice B is incorrect because insulin therapy is the mainstay treatment for type 1 diabetes to regulate blood sugar levels. Choice C is incorrect because while diet is important, encouraging a high-carbohydrate diet can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Choice D is incorrect because alternative therapies should not replace standard medical treatment like insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes management.

3. How does a double-blind experiment work?

• A. Both subject groups take turns receiving each treatment.
• B. Neither subjects nor researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group.
• C. Neither group of subjects knows whether they are in the control or experimental group, but the researchers do not know.
• D. Both subject groups know whether they are in the control or experimental group, but the researchers do not know.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In a double-blind experiment, neither the subjects nor the researchers know which subjects are in the control or experimental group. This helps to eliminate bias and ensure that the results are more objective. Choice A is incorrect as in a double-blind experiment, subjects do not take turns receiving each treatment; it is about masking the treatment allocation. Choice C is incorrect because it implies that the researchers are aware of the group allocation, which goes against the principle of blinding in a double-blind study. Choice D is incorrect as both subject groups should not know whether they are in the control or experimental group to maintain the blindness of the study.

4. What is an important consideration when administering medications to a child with hepatic dysfunction?

• A. Increased dosing intervals
• B. Adjustments in dosage due to altered metabolism
• C. Avoid all medications
• D. Use only topical medications

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When administering medications to a child with hepatic dysfunction, it is crucial to make adjustments in dosage due to altered metabolism. Hepatic dysfunction can affect the way medications are metabolized in the body, potentially leading to drug toxicity or reduced effectiveness. This is why adjusting the dosage is essential to ensure the medication is both safe and efficient. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing dosing intervals, avoiding all medications, or using only topical medications do not address the specific issue of altered drug metabolism in hepatic dysfunction.

5. What is the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function?

• A. nutrient allowance
• B. nutrient requirement
• C. nutrient tolerable limit
• D. nutrient adequate intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: nutrient requirement.' The nutrient requirement refers to the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function in the body. This amount ensures the body's optimal functioning and health. Choice A, 'nutrient allowance,' is incorrect as it does not specifically refer to the minimum amount needed for bodily functions but rather suggests a broader term. Choice C, 'nutrient tolerable limit,' is incorrect as it pertains to the maximum amount of a nutrient that can be consumed without adverse effects. Choice D, 'nutrient adequate intake,' is incorrect as it refers to the recommended average daily intake level of a nutrient to meet the requirements of most healthy individuals.

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