HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Questions
1. In terms of CHN practice, how is the nurse in the community trained?
- A. nurse-midwife
- B. practice nursing
- C. generalist in nursing
- D. midwife
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In community health nursing practice, nurses are trained as generalists in nursing. They receive education that equips them to address a wide range of health concerns in the community. Choice A, nurse-midwife, is incorrect as it refers to a specific role focusing on childbirth and maternal health. Choice B, practice nursing, is vague and does not specifically describe the training of community health nurses. Choice D, midwife, is also incorrect as it refers to a specialized role in maternal and newborn care, different from the generalist training of community health nurses.
2. Which diet selection by a client who is depressed and taking the MAO inhibitor tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate) indicates to the nurse that the client understands the dietary restrictions imposed by this medication regimen?
- A. Hamburger, French fries, and chocolate milkshake.
- B. Liver and onions, broccoli, and decaffeinated coffee.
- C. Pepperoni and cheese pizza, tossed salad, and a soft drink.
- D. Roast beef, baked potato with butter, and iced tea.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Roast beef, baked potato with butter, and iced tea are safe choices as they do not contain tyramine, which must be avoided with MAO inhibitors like Parnate. Tyramine-rich foods like aged cheeses, certain meats, and fermented products can cause a hypertensive crisis when combined with MAO inhibitors. Choices A, B, and C contain foods high in tyramine and are not recommended for individuals taking MAO inhibitors.
3. A client with peptic ulcer disease is prescribed sucralfate. What is the mechanism of action of this medication?
- A. Neutralizes stomach acid
- B. Decreases gastric acid secretion
- C. Covers the ulcer site and protects it from acid
- D. Improves gastric motility
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Covers the ulcer site and protects it from acid. Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier over ulcers, shielding them from stomach acid and promoting healing. Choice A, neutralizing stomach acid, is incorrect as sucralfate does not neutralize acid but acts as a physical barrier. Choice B, decreasing gastric acid secretion, is not the mechanism of action of sucralfate. Choice D, improving gastric motility, is unrelated to sucralfate's action on peptic ulcers.
4. Which nursing diagnosis is commonly used among patients affected by fibromyalgia?
- A. Decreased self-care in activities of daily living related to fatigue
- B. Impaired mental functioning related to electrolyte imbalances
- C. Increased vigilance secondary to electrolyte imbalances
- D. At risk for a swallowing disorder related to fibromyalgia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Decreased self-care in activities of daily living related to fatigue.' Patients with fibromyalgia commonly experience fatigue, which can lead to decreased ability to perform self-care activities. This nursing diagnosis addresses a direct consequence of fibromyalgia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly correlate with the common manifestations of fibromyalgia. Impaired mental functioning related to electrolyte imbalances and increased vigilance secondary to electrolyte imbalances are not typical presentations of fibromyalgia. 'At risk for a swallowing disorder related to fibromyalgia' is not a common nursing diagnosis associated with fibromyalgia; swallowing disorders are not a primary symptom of this condition.
5. After a client's death in a long-term care facility, identify the correct sequence of steps for the nurse to perform.
- A. 1) Place a name tag on the body 2) Obtain the pronouncement of death from the provider 3) Remove tubes and indwelling lines 4) Wash the client's body 5) Ask the client's family members if they would like to view the body
- B. 2) Obtain the pronouncement of death from the provider 3) Remove tubes and indwelling lines 4) Wash the client's body 5) Ask the client's family members if they would like to view the body 1) Place a name tag on the body
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct sequence of steps for the nurse in a long-term care facility after a client's death is as follows: First, obtain the pronouncement of death from the provider. Second, remove tubes and indwelling lines before proceeding to wash the client's body. Third, ask the client's family members if they would like to view the body. Finally, place a name tag on the body. This order ensures that the necessary procedures are followed with respect and consideration for the deceased client and their family. Choice B is correct. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not follow the appropriate sequence of actions required in this situation.