HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Questions
1. In 1996, there were 15 cases of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Barangay B, while Barangay C had 20 cases. The total number of children who have ARI is:
- A. higher in Barangay C than in Barangay B
- B. not comparable in Barangay B and C
- C. higher in Barangay B than in Barangay C
- D. data given is insufficient
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'higher in Barangay C than in Barangay B.' This is because Barangay C had more cases of ARI (20) compared to Barangay B (15). Therefore, the total number of children who have ARI is higher in Barangay C. Choices B and C are incorrect because the data clearly shows that Barangay C had more cases than Barangay B. Choice D is also incorrect as there is sufficient data provided to compare the number of ARI cases between the two barangays.
2. This refers to trained community health workers or health auxiliary volunteers:
- A. Village health workers
- B. Barangay health workers
- C. All of the above
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'All of the above.' Both village health workers and barangay health workers are trained community health workers or health auxiliary volunteers. Choice A, 'Village health workers,' is correct as they are trained community health workers. Choice B, 'Barangay health workers,' is also correct as they also refer to trained community health workers. Therefore, since both options A and B are accurate, the correct answer is C, 'All of the above.' Choice D, 'None of the above,' is incorrect as both village health workers and barangay health workers fit the description provided in the question.
3. In the scientific method, a tentative solution to a problem is called a what?
- A. theory
- B. prediction
- C. hypothesis
- D. correlation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a tentative solution or educated guess that is tested through research. A theory (choice A) is a well-substantiated explanation based on evidence and extensive testing. A prediction (choice B) is a statement about what will happen in the future based on existing knowledge. Correlation (choice D) refers to a mutual relationship between two or more things, indicating how they may change together but not providing a solution to a problem.
4. A client is reporting pain to a nurse. When documenting the quality of the client's pain on an initial pain assessment, the nurse should record which of the following client statements?
- A. "I'm having mild pain."
- B. "The pain is like a dull ache in my stomach."
- C. "I notice that the pain gets worse after I eat."
- D. "The pain makes me feel nauseous."
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. When documenting the quality of pain, it is essential to record the client's description of how the pain feels in their own words. Choice A simply states the intensity of pain but does not describe its quality. Choices C and D provide information related to aggravating factors and associated symptoms, respectively, but they do not describe the quality of pain. Therefore, choice B, which describes the pain as a dull ache in the stomach, is the most appropriate statement to document for assessing the quality of the client's pain.
5. A male Native American presents to the clinic with complaints of frequent abdominal cramping and nausea. He states that he has chronic constipation and had not had a bowel movement in five days, despite trying several home remedies. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
- A. Evaluate the stool samples for the presence of blood
- B. Assess for the presence of an impaction
- C. Determine which home remedies were used
- D. Obtain a list of prescribed medications
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Assessing for impaction is crucial as it is a common cause of constipation and abdominal discomfort. In this scenario, the patient's symptoms of chronic constipation and no bowel movement for five days despite trying home remedies indicate a potential impaction that needs to be assessed. Evaluating stool samples for blood, determining the home remedies used, or obtaining a list of prescribed medications, while potentially relevant, are not as urgent as assessing for impaction in this situation.