during a vaccination drive at a well child clinic a nurse observes that a recently hired nurse is not wearing gloves what should the nurse advise the
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HESI LPN

Pediatric Practice Exam HESI

1. During a vaccination drive at a well-child clinic, a nurse observes that a recently hired nurse is not wearing gloves. What should the nurse advise the newly hired nurse to do?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Put on gloves because standard precautions are required." Standard precautions are essential in healthcare settings to prevent the transmission of infections, and wearing gloves is a crucial part of these precautions during immunizations. Choice A is incorrect because speaking with the nurse manager about techniques does not address the immediate need for wearing gloves. Choice C is incorrect because gloves are indeed needed to prevent the spread of infections. Choice D is incorrect as evaluating the child's appearance is not a substitute for wearing gloves which are a basic infection control measure.

2. A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an 8-year-old child who has recently been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. What developmental characteristic of a child this age should the nurse consider?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. At the age of 8, children are typically in the stage of industry vs. inferiority according to Erikson's psychosocial theory. This stage is characterized by a desire to engage in productive activities and take on responsibilities. Thus, the child will likely welcome opportunities for participation in self-care related to their diabetes management. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is inaccurate as children at this age are usually in the concrete operational stage of cognitive development, not abstract. Choice B is incorrect because while peer influence is significant, it has not reached its peak at this age. Choice D is wrong as achieving a sense of identity is a developmental task more commonly associated with adolescence, not 8-year-old children.

3. Why is it recommended that closure of the palate should be done before the age of 2 for an 11-month-old infant with a cleft palate?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: It is recommended to perform palate closure surgery before the child starts using faulty speech patterns to prevent the development of speech issues that may be harder to correct later. Delaying surgery until after the age of 2 can lead to the child forming incorrect speech habits, which can be challenging to correct. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not address the specific concern related to speech development in children with cleft palates.

4. A 2-year-old child with a diagnosis of hemophilia is admitted to the hospital. What should the nurse include in the care plan?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Using a soft toothbrush helps to prevent bleeding in a child with hemophilia.

5. What is a common finding that the nurse can identify in most children with symptomatic cardiac malformations?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Delayed physical growth is a common finding in most children with symptomatic cardiac malformations. This occurs due to inadequate oxygenation and nutrient supply to tissues as a result of the cardiac defect. Mental retardation (Choice A) is not typically associated with cardiac malformations unless there are complications affecting brain function. Inherited genetic factors (Choice B) may contribute to the development of cardiac malformations but are not a direct common finding in affected children. Clubbing of the fingertips (Choice D) is more commonly associated with chronic respiratory or cardiac conditions, not specifically cardiac malformations in children.

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