Nursing Elites

1. When teaching parents about preventing childhood obesity, what should the nurse recommend?

• A. Encourage high-calorie snacks
• B. Limit screen time
• C. Encourage fast food as a treat
• D. Allow the child to eat freely

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Limiting screen time is a crucial recommendation to prevent childhood obesity. Excessive screen time is associated with sedentary behavior and increased consumption of unhealthy snacks, leading to weight gain. Encouraging high-calorie snacks (Choice A) contradicts the goal of preventing obesity. While fast food as a treat (Choice C) can be consumed occasionally, it should not be encouraged as a regular practice. Allowing the child to eat freely (Choice D) without restrictions can lead to overeating and unhealthy dietary habits, contributing to obesity risk.

2. When teaching a class of new parents about positioning their infants during the first few weeks of life, which position is safest?

• A. On the back, lying flat
• B. On either side, lying flat
• C. Head slightly elevated on the left side
• D. Head slightly elevated on the right side

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'On the back, lying flat'. Placing infants on their back to sleep is recommended to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This position helps ensure the baby's airway remains clear and reduces the likelihood of suffocation. Choices B, C, and D are not as safe as placing the infant on their back, as they may increase the risk of accidental suffocation or SIDS.

3. A child with a diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome is being treated with corticosteroids. What is an important nursing consideration?

• A. Monitor for signs of infection
• B. Monitor blood pressure
• C. Monitor for hyperglycemia
• D. Monitor for hypertension

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a child with nephrotic syndrome is undergoing treatment with corticosteroids, it is crucial to monitor for signs of infection. Corticosteroids can suppress the immune system, increasing the child's susceptibility to infections. Monitoring for signs of infection allows for early detection and prompt intervention, reducing the risk of complications. While monitoring blood pressure (choice B) is important in nephrotic syndrome, it is not the most immediate concern when the child is on corticosteroids. Monitoring for hyperglycemia (choice C) is relevant in corticosteroid therapy, but the priority in this scenario is to watch for signs of infection. Monitoring for hypertension (choice D) is important in nephrotic syndrome but is not the most critical consideration when the child is on corticosteroids.

4. A nurse plans to talk to the parents of a toddler about toilet training. What should the nurse explain is the most important factor in the process of toilet training?

• A. Parents' attitude about it
• B. Child's desire to remain dry
• C. Child's ability to sit still on the toilet
• D. Parents' willingness to work at the toilet training

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The most crucial factor in the process of toilet training is the parents' willingness to consistently engage and work with their child. While parents' attitude and the child's desire to remain dry can influence the process, the key to successful toilet training lies in the parents' commitment and effort. The child's ability to sit still on the toilet is important but not as critical as the parents' active involvement and support in guiding and encouraging the child through the training process.

5. The nurse is admitting a newborn with hypospadias to the nursery. The nurse expects which finding in this newborn?

• A. absence of a urethral opening
• B. penis appears shorter than usual for age
• C. the urethral opening is along the dorsal surface of the penis
• D. the urethral opening is along the ventral surface of the penis

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the urethral opening is located along the ventral surface of the penis, not the dorsal surface (Choice C) or absent (Choice A). This leads to the characteristic appearance of a ventrally displaced urethral meatus. The penis may appear normal in size but with the urethral opening positioned abnormally (Choice D), rather than being shorter than usual (Choice B). Therefore, the correct expectation for a newborn with hypospadias is that the urethral opening is along the ventral surface of the penis, making Choice D the correct answer.

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