Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is providing teaching to an older adult client about home safety. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

• A. “Keep a nightlight on in the bathroom”
• B. “Set room temperature to 68 degrees Fahrenheit”
• C. “Place throw rugs over electrical cords”
• D. “Use chairs without armrests”

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Keep a nightlight on in the bathroom.' This safety measure is crucial for older adults to prevent falls by enhancing visibility during nighttime bathroom visits. Choice B is incorrect because setting the room temperature to 68 degrees Fahrenheit may not be universally suitable for all older adults, as individual preferences vary. Choice C is incorrect as placing throw rugs over electrical cords poses a tripping hazard rather than enhancing safety. Choice D is incorrect as using chairs without armrests may not provide adequate support and stability for older adults, increasing the risk of falls.

2. When using an open irrigation technique to irrigate a client's indwelling urinary catheter, which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• A. Place the client in a side-lying position
• B. Instill 15 mL of irrigation fluid into the catheter with each flush
• C. Subtract the amount of irrigant used from the client's urine output
• D. Perform the irrigation using a 20 mL syringe

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when using an open irrigation technique on a client with an indwelling urinary catheter is to subtract the amount of irrigant used from the client's urine output. This calculation helps ensure an accurate measurement of the client's actual urine output by accounting for the irrigation fluid introduced into the catheter. Placing the client in a side-lying position (Choice A) is not directly related to the irrigation procedure. Instilling a specific volume of irrigation fluid (Choice B) may vary depending on the client's condition and the healthcare provider's order. Using a 20 mL syringe for irrigation (Choice D) is a matter of equipment choice and does not directly impact the calculation of urine output in this context.

3. How should the nurse transcribe the dosage of this medication on the client's medical record?

• A. 0.3 mg
• B. 0.3 mg
• C. 0.30 mg
• D. 3/10 mg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct way to transcribe the dosage of three tenths of a milligram of levothyroxine IV STAT is 0.3 mg. When expressing decimals less than 1, there should be a leading zero before the decimal point. Choice A is incorrect (.3 mg) because it lacks the leading zero. Choice C (0.30 mg) is incorrect as it includes a trailing zero after the decimal point, which is unnecessary. Choice D (3/10 mg) is incorrect as it presents the dosage as a fraction, which is not the standard format for transcribing medication dosages. Therefore, B (0.3 mg) is the most appropriate and accurate way to document this prescription on the client's medical record.

4. A nurse is providing care to a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?

• A. Irrigate the catheter with sterile water daily.
• B. Empty the catheter bag every 8 hours.
• C. Clean the perineal area with antiseptic solution daily.
• D. Secure the catheter to the client's thigh.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Securing the catheter to the client's thigh is the correct action to prevent CAUTIs. By securing the catheter, movement is minimized, reducing the risk of introducing bacteria into the urinary tract. Choice A is incorrect because routine irrigation of the catheter is not recommended as it can increase the risk of infection. Choice B is incorrect as emptying the catheter bag every 8 hours is important for proper drainage but does not directly prevent CAUTIs. Choice C is incorrect because cleaning the perineal area with antiseptic solution does not address the main source of CAUTIs related to catheter care.

5. When providing a bath, in which order will the nurse clean the body, beginning with the first area?

• A. Face
• B. Eyes
• C. Perineum
• D. Back and buttocks

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct sequence for giving a bath starts with cleaning the eyes, followed by the face, both arms, chest, hands/nails, abdomen, both legs, perineal hygiene, back, and finally the buttocks/anus. Therefore, the first area to be cleaned during a bath is the eyes. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as per the standard procedure for providing a bath.

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