HESI LPN
HESI Fundamentals 2023 Test Bank
1. A healthcare professional is preparing a care plan for a patient who is immobile. Which psychosocial aspect will the professional assess for?
- A. Loss of bone mass
- B. Loss of strength
- C. Loss of weight
- D. Loss of hope
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Correct. Loss of hope is a significant psychosocial aspect that healthcare professionals should assess for in patients who are immobile. Immobility can lead to feelings of hopelessness and depression, impacting the patient's mental well-being. Assessing for loss of hope allows healthcare professionals to provide appropriate support and interventions to address the patient's emotional needs. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they primarily relate to physical changes (bone mass, strength, weight) rather than the psychosocial aspect of hope.
2. A dying client is coping with feelings regarding impending death. The nurse bases care on the theory of death and dying by Kübler-Ross. During which stage of grieving should the LPN/LVN primarily use nonverbal interventions?
- A. Anger
- B. Denial
- C. Bargaining
- D. Acceptance
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Nonverbal interventions are primarily used during the acceptance stage according to Kübler-Ross's theory of death and dying. During the acceptance stage, the individual is more likely to be reflective and less communicative, making nonverbal interventions more effective. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because anger, denial, and bargaining are stages that precede the acceptance stage in Kübler-Ross's model, where verbal communication and processing emotions play a more significant role.
3. A healthcare professional is preparing to perform a sterile dressing change for a client. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional plan to take?
- A. Don sterile gloves after opening sterile dressing supplies
- B. Set up the sterile field at waist level
- C. Consider the entire border of the sterile field as contaminated
- D. Place the cap of a sterile solution inside the sterile field
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Setting up the sterile field at waist level is crucial to maintaining its sterility during a dressing change. Choice A is incorrect because sterile gloves should be worn after opening sterile dressing supplies to prevent contamination. Choice C is incorrect as the entire border of the sterile field should be considered contaminated to maintain sterility. Choice D is incorrect because the cap of a sterile solution should never be placed inside the sterile field to prevent contamination.
4. Which anatomical location is associated with the deep tendon reflex known as the patellar reflex?
- A. Knee picture
- B. Ankle picture
- C. Elbow picture
- D. Wrist picture
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The patellar reflex, also called the knee-jerk reflex, is elicited by tapping the patellar tendon just below the patella. This reflex involves the quadriceps muscle and the femoral nerve. The correct answer is 'A: Knee picture' because the patellar reflex is associated with the knee joint. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not correspond to the anatomical location involved in the patellar reflex.
5. A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus about how to care for corns and calluses on her toes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I can place an oval corn pad over toes that have corns as long as I remove the pad weekly
- B. I should soak my feet in warm water daily to soften corns and calluses
- C. I can apply lotion to soften calluses as long as I don’t put lotion between my toes
- D. I should use an over the counter liquid medication to remove corns
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Applying lotion to the feet, avoiding between toes, is correct; over-the-counter treatments and soaking are not recommended.
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