HESI LPN
HESI Practice Test Pharmacology
1. A client with hypertension is prescribed clonidine. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Dizziness
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a client is prescribed clonidine, the nurse should monitor for bradycardia as a potential side effect. Clonidine can lead to a decrease in heart rate, thus causing bradycardia. Monitoring the client's heart rate is crucial to detect and manage this adverse effect.
2. Epidemiology is directly concerned with which of the following?
- A. factors influencing occurrence and distribution of diseases, defects, disability, or death of groups of individuals
- B. vital health statistics
- C. environmental sanitation
- D. treatment of a communicable disease
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations and the application of this study to the control of health problems. It focuses on identifying and understanding the factors that influence the occurrence and distribution of diseases, defects, disability, or death of groups of individuals. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B, vital health statistics, is not the primary focus of epidemiology. While vital health statistics may be used in epidemiological studies, it is not the direct concern of epidemiology. Choice C, environmental sanitation, although important for public health, is not the main focus of epidemiology. Epidemiology is more concerned with the factors influencing disease occurrence and distribution, rather than environmental sanitation. Choice D, treatment of a communicable disease, is more related to clinical medicine rather than epidemiology. Epidemiology is more focused on prevention, control, and understanding the patterns and causes of diseases rather than their treatment.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer methylprednisolone 10 mg by IV bolus. The amount available is methylprednisolone injection 40-mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 0.3 mL
- B. 0.25 mL
- C. 0.4 mL
- D. 0.5 mL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the mL to administer, use the formula: Dose required (mg) ÷ Stock concentration (mg/mL) = Volume to administer (mL). In this case, 10 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL = 0.25 mL. However, when rounding to the nearest tenth, the answer should be 0.3 mL. Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.3 mL. Choice A is the correct answer. Choice B (0.25 mL) is the result obtained before rounding. Choice C (0.4 mL) and Choice D (0.5 mL) are incorrect calculations.
4. Which task could the nurse safely delegate to the UAP?
- A. Oral feeding of a two-year-old child after application of a hip spica cast
- B. Assessment of the placement and patency of an NG tube
- C. Participation in staff rounds to record notes regarding client goals
- D. Evaluation of a client's incisional pain following narcotic administration
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because oral feeding of a stable child is a task that can be safely delegated to a UAP. This task does not require nursing assessment or clinical judgment. Choice B involves assessment, which requires the nurse's clinical judgment. Choice C involves recording client goals during staff rounds, which may require interpretation and understanding of the goals set. Choice D involves evaluating a client's pain following medication administration, which requires assessment and clinical judgment by a nurse.
5. A nurse manager observes an assistive personnel (AP) incorrectly transferring a client to the bedside commode. Which of the following should the nurse take first?
- A. Refer the AP to the facility procedure manual
- B. Demonstrate the proper client transfer technique for the AP
- C. Instruct the AP to request assistance when unsure about a task
- D. Help the AP assist the client with the transfer
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse is to ensure the safety of the client by immediately intervening to help the AP with the transfer. This hands-on assistance can prevent any potential harm to the client. Referring the AP to the facility procedure manual (Choice A) might take time and delay the necessary immediate action. Demonstrating the proper technique (Choice B) can be done after ensuring the client's safety. Instructing the AP to request assistance (Choice C) is not the most urgent step when a client's safety is at risk.