Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following strategies is most effective in promoting breastfeeding in a community?

• A. Providing formula samples
• B. Offering breastfeeding education and support
• C. Encouraging early weaning
• D. Promoting bottle feeding

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most effective strategy in promoting breastfeeding in a community is offering breastfeeding education and support. This helps mothers learn about the benefits of breastfeeding, gain confidence in their ability to breastfeed, and receive necessary support to overcome challenges. Providing formula samples (Choice A) can undermine breastfeeding efforts by promoting formula feeding over breastfeeding. Encouraging early weaning (Choice C) goes against the recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Promoting bottle feeding (Choice D) can deter mothers from initiating or continuing breastfeeding, leading to decreased breastfeeding rates.

2. The RN is making a home visit to a female client with end-stage heart disease. She has a living will and states she will never go back to the hospital. During the visit, the RN notes that the client is pale and SOB while speaking. The RN discovers 3+ edema in both ankles and bilateral pulmonary crackles. Which intervention should the RN implement first?

• A. Order a chest X-ray
• B. Obtain a peripheral O2 saturation reading
• C. Obtain an order for complete blood count
• D. Tell the patient to stay in bed

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Obtaining a peripheral O2 saturation reading is the priority intervention in this scenario. It helps assess the client's oxygenation status quickly, which is crucial in a client with signs of respiratory distress, such as shortness of breath and bilateral pulmonary crackles. Ordering a chest X-ray (Choice A) may be necessary later but does not address the immediate need for oxygen assessment. Obtaining an order for a complete blood count (Choice C) is not the priority in this situation as it does not directly address the client's respiratory distress. Instructing the patient to stay in bed (Choice D) does not address the underlying issue of potential hypoxia and respiratory compromise.

3. The nurse is teaching a group of older adults about medication safety. Which of the following should be included in the teaching?

• A. keeping a list of all medications and dosages
• B. sharing medications with family members if they have the same prescription
• C. stopping medications when symptoms improve
• D. doubling up on missed doses

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: keeping a list of all medications and dosages. Maintaining a comprehensive list of medications and their dosages is essential for older adults to prevent medication errors and dangerous interactions. Choice B is incorrect because sharing medications, even if family members have the same prescription, can lead to unintended adverse effects or inappropriate dosages. Choice C is incorrect as stopping medications when symptoms improve can be harmful if the full course of treatment is not completed. Choice D is incorrect as doubling up on missed doses can result in overdosing and adverse reactions.

4. In the implementation of the national family planning program, the government assumes the role of a:

• A. decision-maker in the practice of family planning methods
• B. regulator
• C. facilitator
• D. dictator

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'facilitator.' In the implementation of a national family planning program, the government plays a role as a facilitator, meaning it helps to support and enable the access to family planning services and information. The government's role is to ensure that services are available, accessible, and of good quality, rather than making decisions for individuals or regulating them. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the government's role is not to make decisions on behalf of individuals (decision-maker), strictly regulate family planning practices (regulator), or impose decisions without considering individual choices (dictator).

5. What is the primary function of a public health nurse?

• A. Provide bedside care
• B. Administer medications
• C. Promote and protect the health of populations
• D. Perform surgical procedures

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of a public health nurse is to promote and protect the health of populations. Public health nurses focus on preventing diseases, promoting healthy behaviors, and addressing health disparities within communities. Providing bedside care (choice A) is typically done by nurses in clinical settings, not public health nurses. Administering medications (choice B) is part of nursing practice but not the primary role of a public health nurse. Performing surgical procedures (choice D) is usually the responsibility of surgical nurses or healthcare providers specializing in surgery, not public health nurses.

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