Nursing Elites

1. What is the main purpose of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)?

• A. To provide guidelines for nutrient intakes that meet the needs of most healthy people.
• B. To specify the minimum amount of nutrients required for survival.
• C. To establish maximum safe levels of nutrient intakes.
• D. To recommend specific nutrient intake levels to prevent chronic diseases.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The main purpose of Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) is to provide guidelines for nutrient intakes that meet the needs of most healthy people. Choice B is incorrect because RDAs aim beyond just survival requirements. Choice C is incorrect because establishing maximum safe levels is the role of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Choice D is incorrect because preventing chronic diseases is more associated with Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) like Adequate Intakes (AIs) and Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Therefore, the correct answer is A.

2. In what units are energy measurements expressed by most scientists and nutritionists outside the United States?

• A. newtons
• B. liters
• C. kilojoules
• D. kilocalories

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Kilojoules are the standard units of energy used by most scientists and nutritionists worldwide. Newtons are units of force, liters are units of volume, and kilocalories are more commonly used in the United States but not as widely adopted internationally for energy measurements. Therefore, the correct answer is 'kilojoules.'

3. What is a common sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants?

• A. Dislocated patella
• B. Limited abduction of the hip
• C. Swelling of the knee
• D. Hyperextension of the leg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Limited abduction of the hip is a common sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants. It indicates possible hip dislocation or instability, making it a key clinical manifestation to assess for DDH. Dislocated patella (Choice A) is not typically associated with DDH. Swelling of the knee (Choice C) and hyperextension of the leg (Choice D) are not specific signs linked to DDH in infants, further supporting why they are incorrect choices.

4. How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with a suspected fracture?

• A. Immobilize the affected limb and seek medical evaluation
• B. Apply heat to the injury
• C. Allow the child to continue normal activity
• D. Administer over-the-counter pain relief only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a child is suspected to have a fracture, it is essential to immobilize the affected limb to prevent further injury. Seeking immediate medical evaluation is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Applying heat to a suspected fracture can worsen the condition by increasing swelling and pain. Allowing the child to continue normal activity can lead to further damage. Administering only over-the-counter pain relief is insufficient and does not address the need for immobilization and professional evaluation.

5. What is the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function?

• A. nutrient allowance
• B. nutrient requirement
• C. nutrient tolerable limit
• D. nutrient adequate intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: nutrient requirement.' The nutrient requirement refers to the smallest amount of a nutrient that, when consumed over a prolonged period, maintains a specific function in the body. This amount ensures the body's optimal functioning and health. Choice A, 'nutrient allowance,' is incorrect as it does not specifically refer to the minimum amount needed for bodily functions but rather suggests a broader term. Choice C, 'nutrient tolerable limit,' is incorrect as it pertains to the maximum amount of a nutrient that can be consumed without adverse effects. Choice D, 'nutrient adequate intake,' is incorrect as it refers to the recommended average daily intake level of a nutrient to meet the requirements of most healthy individuals.

Similar Questions