local health boards were established at the provincial city and municipal levels at the municipal level the chairman of the board is the

HESI LPN

Community Health HESI Test Bank

1. Local health boards were established at the provincial, city, and municipal levels. At the municipal level, the chairman of the board is the:

A. rural health physician
B. public health nurse
C. municipal mayor
D. chairman of the committee on health

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the municipal mayor. In the local health board structure, the municipal mayor chairs the board at the municipal level, overseeing health-related matters in that specific locality. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while a rural health physician or a public health nurse may be involved in health-related activities, they do not serve as the chairman of the board at the municipal level. Similarly, the chairman of the committee on health may have a role in health matters, but the municipal mayor holds the position of chairman of the local health board at the municipal level.

2. Which organization is primarily responsible for global public health?

A. World Health Organization (WHO)
B. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
C. National Institutes of Health (NIH)
D. United Nations (UN)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO is the primary organization responsible for global public health initiatives, coordinating international health efforts, setting norms and standards, providing technical support, and monitoring health trends. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they play significant roles in health and global affairs, they do not have the primary responsibility for global public health like the WHO does.

3. The nurse is planning care for a client with pneumococcal pneumonia. Which of the following would be most effective in removing respiratory secretions?

A. Administration of cough suppressants
B. Increasing oral fluid intake to 3000 cc per day
C. Maintaining bed rest with bathroom privileges
D. Performing chest physiotherapy twice a day

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Increasing oral fluid intake to 3000 cc per day is the most effective in removing respiratory secretions in a client with pneumococcal pneumonia. Adequate hydration helps thin secretions, making them easier to expectorate. Administration of cough suppressants (Choice A) may hinder the removal of secretions by suppressing the cough reflex. Maintaining bed rest with bathroom privileges (Choice C) is important but does not directly address the removal of respiratory secretions. Performing chest physiotherapy (Choice D) is beneficial for mobilizing secretions but may not be as effective as increasing fluid intake in thinning and facilitating the removal of secretions.

4. What does the acronym ICD stand for in medical terminology?

A. International Classification of Diseases
B. Internal Care Documentation
C. Intensive Care Division
D. Integrated Care Department

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: International Classification of Diseases. The ICD is a system used worldwide to classify and code various health conditions and diseases. This system helps in standardizing the documentation and coding of diseases, which is essential for epidemiology, research, and healthcare management. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the widely recognized meaning of the acronym ICD in medical terminology.

5. With an alert of an internal disaster and the need for beds, the charge nurse is asked to list clients who are potential discharges within the next hour. Which client should the charge nurse select?

A. An elderly client who has had type 2 diabetes for over 20 years, admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis 24 hours ago
B. An adolescent admitted the prior night with Tylenol intoxication
C. A middle-aged client with an internal automatic defibrillator and complaints of 'passing out at unknown times' admitted yesterday
D. A school-age child diagnosed with suspected bacterial meningitis and was admitted at the change of shifts

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) that is being well-managed and has shown improvement within 24 hours is more stable and can be considered for discharge sooner than those with more acute or unstable conditions. Choice B is incorrect as Tylenol intoxication may require further monitoring and intervention. Choice C is incorrect as a client with an automatic defibrillator and episodes of passing out needs careful evaluation and monitoring. Choice D is incorrect as suspected bacterial meningitis is a serious condition that typically requires a longer hospital stay for treatment and observation.