HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI Practice Questions
1. An infant is admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with exstrophy of the bladder. What covering should the nurse use to protect the exposed area?
- A. Loose diaper
- B. Dry gauze dressing
- C. Moist sterile dressing
- D. Petroleum jelly gauze pad
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A moist sterile dressing should be used to protect the exposed bladder tissue from infection and injury. Exstrophy of the bladder requires careful management to prevent complications such as infection. A loose diaper (Choice A) may not provide adequate protection or prevent infection. Dry gauze dressing (Choice B) may not be ideal as it could adhere to the exposed area and cause trauma upon removal. Petroleum jelly gauze pad (Choice D) may not be suitable as it can trap moisture and increase the risk of infection.
2. The motive for a person who alters their diet due to religious convictions is most likely related to their ___.
- A. values
- B. body image
- C. ethnic heritage
- D. functional association
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'values.' When individuals alter their diet due to religious convictions, it is primarily driven by their personal or cultural values associated with their faith. This choice reflects the strong influence that religious beliefs can have on dietary choices. Choice B, 'body image,' is incorrect because altering one's diet for religious reasons is more about spiritual beliefs than physical appearance. Choice C, 'ethnic heritage,' is incorrect as it pertains more to cultural background rather than religious convictions. Choice D, 'functional association,' is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the motivation behind altering one's diet for religious reasons.
3. A client with a diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is receiving anticoagulant therapy. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?
- A. Avoid walking as much as possible
- B. Report any signs of bleeding to the healthcare provider
- C. Take aspirin for additional pain relief
- D. Wear compression stockings at night
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Reporting signs of bleeding is essential while on anticoagulant therapy to prevent complications.
4. A female client with borderline personality disorder is being discharged today. During morning rounds, the client complains about the aloofness of the night shift nurse and expresses joy to see the nurse on duty. Which response is best for the nurse to provide to this client’s dichotomous tendency?
- A. I am glad you like me. Which nurse was acting aloof to you?
- B. Tomorrow I will talk to that nurse about how you were treated last night.
- C. What did the night nurse do that makes you think she is aloof?
- D. I am happy that you are getting better and will be able to go home.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is the best response as it acknowledges the client's feelings while exploring their concerns. By asking which nurse was acting aloof, the nurse shows understanding and allows the client to express their feelings further. This response validates the client's emotions and fosters a therapeutic relationship. Choice B focuses on a future action without addressing the immediate concern at hand. Choice C seeks clarification on the night nurse's behavior, which is a good approach but lacks the personal touch of Choice A. Choice D shifts the focus away from the client's current feelings and concerns, missing the opportunity to address the dichotomous thinking displayed by the client.
5. The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for digoxin (Lanoxin). Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will take my pulse before taking the medication.
- B. I will take the medication at the same time every day.
- C. I should avoid taking antacids at the same time as this medication.
- D. I should eat foods high in potassium while taking this medication.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Clients taking digoxin should avoid eating foods high in potassium, as this can affect the medication's efficacy. Choices A, B, and C are correct statements regarding digoxin administration and precautions, indicating the client's understanding of the medication and its management.