Nursing Elites

1. A client was re-admitted to the hospital following a recent skull fracture. Which finding requires the nurse's immediate attention?

• A. Lethargy
• B. Agitation
• C. Ataxia
• D. Hearing loss

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Lethargy is a critical finding that requires the nurse's immediate attention when a client with a recent skull fracture is readmitted to the hospital. It can indicate increased intracranial pressure or other serious complications such as hemorrhage or infection. Addressing lethargy promptly is crucial to prevent further deterioration. Agitation, ataxia, and hearing loss are important to assess but do not signify the same level of urgency as lethargy in this context.

2. Which of the following measures the risk of dying from causes related to pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium?

• A. maternal mortality
• B. neonatal death rate
• C. fetal death rate
• D. infant mortality rate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, maternal mortality. Maternal mortality specifically measures the risk of dying from pregnancy-related causes. Neonatal death rate, fetal death rate, and infant mortality rate focus on different populations and timeframes. Neonatal death rate refers to deaths within the first 28 days of life, fetal death rate measures stillbirths, and infant mortality rate includes deaths of infants under one year of age. Therefore, A is the most appropriate measure for assessing the risk of dying from causes related to pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium.

3. Following-up Mrs. Luy, G5P4, you notice her eldest son is underweight and her youngest daughter looks thin and pale. Mrs. Luy's present pregnancy would mean another additional member of the family. This can be considered as:

• A. health deficit
• B. health deficit and health threat
• C. health threat
• D. foreseeable crisis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'health threat.' The new pregnancy poses a health threat due to the potential strain on resources and the existing issues with the children, such as underweight and being pale. Choice A is incorrect as it does not fully capture the potential risks associated with the new pregnancy. Choice B is also incorrect as it includes 'health deficit,' which is not explicitly mentioned in the scenario. Choice D, 'foreseeable crisis,' is not the most fitting description of the situation presented.

4. A client with acute pancreatitis is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications?

• A. Hypoglycemia
• B. Hyperkalemia
• C. Hyperglycemia
• D. Hyponatremia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hyperglycemia. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) contains a high glucose content, which can lead to elevated blood sugar levels, resulting in hyperglycemia. Monitoring for hyperglycemia is crucial in clients receiving TPN to prevent complications such as osmotic diuresis, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because TPN is more likely to cause hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, or hyponatremia.

5. A community that uses the resources of a neighborhood church to provide a latchkey children program, to sponsor prayer/support groups for people who are ill, and to grow a community health garden that sends vegetables to elderly shut-ins is engaged in what kind of activity?

• A. disease prevention
• B. health protection
• C. risk management
• D. health balance

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the community activities described focus on supporting and promoting overall well-being, which aligns with the concept of health protection. Choice A, disease prevention, is incorrect as the activities are more about supporting health rather than preventing specific diseases. Choice C, risk management, does not fit as the activities are not primarily about managing risks. Choice D, health balance, is not the most appropriate choice as the activities are aimed at protecting and enhancing health rather than achieving a balance.

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