Nursing Elites

1. A client was re-admitted to the hospital following a recent skull fracture. Which finding requires the nurse's immediate attention?

• A. Lethargy
• B. Agitation
• C. Ataxia
• D. Hearing loss

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Lethargy is a critical finding that requires the nurse's immediate attention when a client with a recent skull fracture is readmitted to the hospital. It can indicate increased intracranial pressure or other serious complications such as hemorrhage or infection. Addressing lethargy promptly is crucial to prevent further deterioration. Agitation, ataxia, and hearing loss are important to assess but do not signify the same level of urgency as lethargy in this context.

2. What is the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health known as?

• A. Health promotion
• B. Disease prevention
• C. Rehabilitation
• D. Health education

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Health promotion. Health promotion focuses on empowering individuals to take control of their health by promoting healthy behaviors, lifestyles, and environments. It aims to prevent illnesses and enhance overall well-being. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not fully encompass the concept of empowering individuals to improve their health. Disease prevention specifically targets avoiding specific illnesses, rehabilitation focuses on restoring health after an illness or injury, and health education primarily involves imparting knowledge about health-related topics.

3. The nurse understands that the primary goal of the occupational health program is:

• A. curative care of workers/employees
• B. birth and death rates
• C. disease trends
• D. social environmental conditions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary goal of an occupational health program is to provide curative care to workers/employees. This includes preventing and treating work-related illnesses and injuries, promoting workplace safety, and ensuring the well-being of employees in their work environment. Choice B, birth and death rates, is not directly related to the primary goal of an occupational health program. Choice C, disease trends, may be a focus of public health programs but is not the primary goal of an occupational health program. Choice D, social environmental conditions, while important for overall health, is not the primary goal of an occupational health program which is more focused on the health and safety of workers in their work settings.

4. Which of the following measures the proportion of the population that exhibits a particular disease at a particular time and includes both new and old cases?

• A. proportionate morbidity rate
• B. case fatality rate
• C. incidence ratio
• D. prevalence ratio

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, prevalence ratio. Prevalence ratio measures the proportion of the population with a particular disease at a specific time, including both new and existing cases. Choice A, proportionate morbidity rate, is not a standard term and might confuse students. Choice B, case fatality rate, measures the proportion of deaths from a specific disease compared to the total number of cases but does not include both new and old cases. Choice C, incidence ratio, measures the rate of new cases of a disease in a specific population over a defined period, not considering existing cases.

5. A client with bipolar disorder is receiving lithium (Lithobid). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

• A. Hypernatremia
• B. Hyponatremia
• C. Hyperglycemia
• D. Hypercalcemia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyponatremia. Lithium can lead to hyponatremia by affecting sodium balance in the body. Hypernatremia (Choice A) is unlikely with lithium use. Hyperglycemia (Choice C) and hypercalcemia (Choice D) are not typically associated with lithium therapy for bipolar disorder.

Similar Questions