Nursing Elites

1. What is the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions from 591 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births?

• A. 0.1
• B. 0.2
• C. 0.3
• D. 0.4

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To calculate the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions, you divide the number of deaths due to unsafe abortions by the total number of maternal deaths and then multiply by 100 to get the percentage. In this case, with 591 maternal deaths and 40% estimated to be due to unsafe abortions, the calculation is (591 * 0.4) / 100, which equals 2.36. Therefore, the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions from 591 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births is 0.4 or 40%. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect percentages that do not reflect the provided information.

2. Legislation allowing nursing staff to provide contraceptives has resulted in all of the following EXCEPT:

• A. More nursing staff have been trained to provide family planning services
• B. Many population and family planning organizations have emerged
• C. Enhanced implementation of population and family planning programs
• D. Male involvement in family planning services

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Male involvement in family planning services has not significantly resulted from legislation allowing nursing staff to provide contraceptives. While legislation has led to more nursing staff being trained, the emergence of population and family planning organizations, and enhanced implementation of programs, it has not directly impacted male involvement in family planning.

3. Through which arteries does the blood supply to the external genitalia primarily occur?

• A. Femoral arteries
• B. Inguinal arteries
• C. Pudendal arteries
• D. Internal iliac arteries

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pudendal arteries. The pudendal arteries are responsible for supplying blood to the external genitalia. These arteries specifically provide blood flow to the perineum, including the external genitalia. Choice A, Femoral arteries, are not primarily responsible for supplying blood to the external genitalia. Choice B, Inguinal arteries, do not supply blood directly to the external genitalia. Choice D, Internal iliac arteries, are not the main suppliers of blood to the external genitalia.

4. Which contraceptive option suppresses sperm motility and inhibits the implantation of the blastocyst?

• A. Copper-T
• B. Diaphragm
• C. Contraceptive pills
• D. Condom

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Copper-T. Copper-T is an intrauterine device that releases copper ions, which suppress sperm motility and inhibit the implantation of the blastocyst. This method mainly works by preventing fertilization and, if fertilization occurs, by making the endometrium less receptive to implantation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. The diaphragm is a barrier method that prevents sperm from reaching the cervix; contraceptive pills mainly work by suppressing ovulation and altering cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg; condoms are barrier methods that prevent sperm from entering the vagina.

5. In which of the following types of spontaneous abortions would the nurse assess dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test?

• A. Threatened
• B. Imminent
• C. Missed
• D. Incomplete

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test are characteristic of a missed abortion. In a missed abortion, the fetus has died, but the products of conception are retained in the uterus. This can lead to symptoms like dark brown vaginal discharge as the body tries to expel the nonviable pregnancy. A threatened abortion is characterized by vaginal bleeding without dilation of the cervix, and the pregnancy remains viable. Imminent abortion involves cervical dilation and effacement with no passage of tissue. In an incomplete abortion, only part of the products of conception are expelled, leading to persistent bleeding and cramping.

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