HESI RN
Pharmacology HESI Quizlet
1. A client with hypertension is prescribed losartan (Cozaar). Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
- A. Avoid foods high in potassium.
- B. Take the medication with grapefruit juice.
- C. Monitor blood pressure weekly.
- D. Report any swelling of the lips or face.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed losartan (Cozaar) is to report any swelling of the lips or face. Losartan can cause angioedema, which is a serious side effect that requires immediate medical attention. Clients do not need to avoid potassium-rich foods unless specifically instructed by their healthcare provider. Taking the medication with grapefruit juice is not recommended as it can interact with certain medications. Additionally, monitoring blood pressure regularly is important, but it should not be limited to a weekly basis; blood pressure should be monitored as per the healthcare provider's recommendation.
2. A nurse is monitoring a client receiving lithium carbonate for bipolar disorder. Which finding should the nurse report immediately to the healthcare provider?
- A. Increased thirst
- B. Fine hand tremors
- C. Frequent urination
- D. Persistent vomiting
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Persistent vomiting can be a sign of lithium toxicity, which requires immediate medical attention. Increased thirst, fine hand tremors, and frequent urination are common side effects of lithium.
3. When caring for a client with cancer receiving cisplatin, what adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? Select all that apply.
- A. Tinnitus
- B. Insomnia
- C. Hyperkalemia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Cisplatin, a chemotherapy medication, can lead to various adverse effects, including ototoxicity manifesting as tinnitus, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the nurse should closely monitor for these side effects during the client's treatment.
4. A community health nurse visits a client at home. Prednisone 10 mg orally daily has been prescribed for the client. The nurse reinforces teaching for the client about the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates that further teaching is necessary?
- A. I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it.
- B. I need to take the medication every day at the same time.
- C. I need to avoid coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate in my diet.
- D. If I gain more than 5 pounds a week, I will call my doctor.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin and other over-the-counter medications should not be taken without consulting the health care provider (HCP). The client needs to take the medication at the same time every day and avoid caffeine-containing foods and fluids to prevent steroid-ulcer development.
5. A client is taking ticlopidine hydrochloride (Ticlid). The nurse tells the client to avoid which of the following while taking this medication?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
- D. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Ticlopidine hydrochloride is a platelet aggregation inhibitor. Aspirin or any aspirin-containing product should be avoided as they can precipitate or aggravate bleeding by affecting platelet function and increasing the risk of bleeding complications.
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