HESI RN
Pharmacology HESI Quizlet
1. A client receiving nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin) calls the health care provider's office complaining of side effects related to the medication. Which side effect indicates the need to stop treatment with this medication?
- A. Nausea
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Anorexia
- D. Cough and chest pain
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Pulmonary reactions such as cough and chest pain are serious side effects associated with nitrofurantoin that require immediate discontinuation of the medication to prevent potential severe respiratory complications.
2. A community health nurse visits a client at home. Prednisone 10 mg orally daily has been prescribed for the client. The nurse reinforces teaching for the client about the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates that further teaching is necessary?
- A. I can take aspirin or my antihistamine if I need it.
- B. I need to take the medication every day at the same time.
- C. I need to avoid coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate in my diet.
- D. If I gain more than 5 pounds a week, I will call my doctor.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin and other over-the-counter medications should not be taken without consulting the health care provider (HCP). The client needs to take the medication at the same time every day and avoid caffeine-containing foods and fluids to prevent steroid-ulcer development.
3. Rifabutin (Mycobutin) is prescribed for a client with active Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease and tuberculosis. The nurse monitors for which side effects of the medication? Select one that doesn't apply.
- A. Signs of hepatitis
- B. Flu-like syndrome
- C. Low neutrophil count
- D. Vitamin B6 deficiency
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Rifabutin is known to cause side effects such as hepatitis, flu-like syndrome, low neutrophil count, and ocular pain or blurred vision. Vitamin B6 deficiency is not associated with rifabutin but is a side effect of isoniazid (INH). Therefore, the nurse should not monitor for Vitamin B6 deficiency when administering rifabutin.
4. Which of the following herbal therapies would be prescribed for its use as an antispasmodic? Select all that apply.
- A. Aloe
- B. Kava
- C. Ginger
- D. Chamomile
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Chamomile is known for its antispasmodic properties. It helps in relaxing muscles and reducing spasms. Aloe is a laxative, kava has anxiolytic and sedative effects, and ginger is commonly used to relieve nausea.
5. When assessing the effectiveness of leflunomide (Arava) in a client with rheumatoid arthritis, which question should the nurse ask during data collection?
- A. Do you have any joint pain?
- B. Are you having any diarrhea?
- C. Do you have frequent headaches?
- D. Are you experiencing heartburn?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To assess the effectiveness of leflunomide (Arava), a medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse should inquire about joint pain. Joint pain is a common symptom of rheumatoid arthritis, and improvement in joint pain indicates the medication's effectiveness in managing the condition.
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