HESI RN
HESI Practice Test Pediatrics
1. A 7-year-old child with sickle cell anemia presents to the emergency department with severe pain in the arms and legs. What is the nurse’s priority action?
- A. Administer prescribed pain medication
- B. Apply warm compresses to the affected areas
- C. Encourage the child to drink fluids
- D. Monitor the child’s oxygen saturation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In a sickle cell crisis, pain management is a priority due to the severe pain experienced by the child. Administering prescribed pain medication is crucial to alleviate the pain and provide comfort to the child. Once pain is controlled, other comfort measures like applying warm compresses and encouraging fluid intake can be implemented. Monitoring oxygen saturation is important but not the priority action when dealing with severe pain in a sickle cell crisis.
2. The parents of a 10-year-old child with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes are being taught by the nurse about managing their child’s condition. Which statement by the parents indicates they need further teaching?
- A. We should rotate injection sites to prevent tissue damage
- B. Our child should avoid all sugary foods and drinks
- C. We will monitor blood glucose levels regularly
- D. Our child needs to wear a medical alert bracelet
Correct answer: B
Rationale: It is important for individuals with diabetes to manage their carbohydrate intake, including sugary foods and drinks, rather than completely avoiding them. Sugary foods should be consumed in moderation as part of a balanced diet to help maintain stable blood glucose levels.
3. A 2-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her 17-year-old mother. When the nurse observes that the child is drinking sweetened soda from her bottle, what information should the nurse discuss with this mother?
- A. A 2-year-old should be speaking in 2-word phrases
- B. Dental caries is associated with drinking soda
- C. Drinking soda is related to childhood obesity
- D. Toddlers should be sleeping 10 hours a night
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Dental caries are a common concern when children consume sweetened sodas regularly.
4. What information should the nurse provide the parents of a 3-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) who are concerned about having more children?
- A. This is an inherited X-linked recessive disorder, which primarily affects male children in the family.
- B. The male infant had a viral infection that went unnoticed and untreated, leading to muscle damage.
- C. The mother's lack of the protein dystrophin can impact the XXXX muscle groups in males.
- D. Birth trauma during a breech vaginal birth can damage the spinal cord, resulting in muscle weakness.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an inherited X-linked recessive disorder that primarily affects male children in the family. Since it is X-linked, sons inherit the mutation from their mothers who are carriers of the abnormal gene. Therefore, the nurse should explain to the parents that any future sons they have would have a 50% chance of inheriting the mutation and having DMD, while daughters would have a 50% chance of being carriers like the mother.
5. An 8-year-old male client with nephrotic syndrome is receiving salt-poor human albumin IV. Which findings indicate to the nurse that the child is manifesting a therapeutic response?
- A. Decreased urinary output
- B. Decreased periorbital edema
- C. Increased periods of rest
- D. Weight gain of 0.5 kg/day
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In nephrotic syndrome treatment, decreased periorbital edema is a positive therapeutic response as it indicates a reduction in fluid retention. Periorbital edema is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid accumulation, so a decrease in this swelling signifies an improvement in the condition.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
HESI RN Basic
$89/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $89
HESI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All HESI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99