HESI RN
HESI Practice Test Pediatrics
1. An adolescent’s mother calls the primary HCP’s office to inquire about the results of her daughter’s serum test that was drawn last week. Since it is the teenager’s 18th birthday, how should the nurse respond to this mother’s inquiry?
- A. Ask when the adolescent was last seen in the clinic
- B. Tell the mother to have the teenager call the clinic
- C. Since the serum sample was drawn last week, provide the mother with the findings
- D. Explain that the information cannot be released without the 18-year-old's permission
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When an individual turns 18, they are considered a legal adult and have the right to privacy regarding their medical information. Therefore, the nurse should explain to the mother that without the 18-year-old's permission, the results cannot be disclosed.
2. The mother of a 4-month-old asks the nurse for advice in preventing diaper rash. What suggestion should the nurse provide?
- A. At diaper change generously powder the baby's diaper area with talcum powder to promote dryness.
- B. Wash the diaper area every 2 hours with soap and water to help prevent skin breakdown.
- C. Use a barrier cream, such as zinc oxide, which does not have to be completely removed with each diaper change.
- D. Place a cloth diaper inside the disposable diaper for overnight periods when increased wearing time is likely.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Using a barrier cream like zinc oxide protects the skin and helps prevent diaper rash.
3. The practical nurse is caring for a child who was admitted for treatment of seizures. Which intervention should the nurse implement to help prevent injury from a seizure?
- A. Have a padded tongue depressor at the bedside.
- B. Keep the side rails padded and in an upright position.
- C. Place a padded helmet on the child’s head.
- D. Restrain the child during the seizure activity.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention to help prevent injury during a seizure is to keep the side rails padded and in an upright position. This measure helps to ensure the child's safety by preventing falls or accidental injuries. Using a padded tongue depressor or restraining the child can potentially cause harm and are not recommended. Placing a padded helmet is not a standard intervention for seizure safety in this scenario.
4. A 16-year-old female student with a history of asthma controlled with both an oral antihistamine and an albuterol (Proventil) metered-dose inhaler (MDI) comes to the school nurse. The student complains that she cannot sleep at night, feels shaky, and her heart feels like it is 'beating a mile a minute.' Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. When she last took the antihistamine.
- B. When her last asthma attack occurred.
- C. Duration of most asthma attacks.
- D. How often the MDI is used daily.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The most important information for the nurse to obtain is how often the MDI is used daily. This is crucial to assess if the symptoms of insomnia, shakiness, and rapid heart rate are related to overuse of the inhaler, leading to potential side effects such as systemic effects of beta-2 agonists.
5. A 2-year-old child with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is being treated in the hospital. What should the healthcare provider monitor for in this child?
- A. Increased urine output.
- B. Decreased respiratory rate.
- C. Labored breathing.
- D. Improved appetite.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Labored breathing is a critical sign of worsening respiratory distress in children with RSV. It indicates that the child's condition may be deteriorating, requiring prompt intervention to ensure adequate oxygenation and prevent respiratory failure. Monitoring for labored breathing allows healthcare providers to promptly assess and manage the child's respiratory status, potentially preventing further complications associated with RSV infection.
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