HESI RN
HESI Practice Test Pediatrics
1. What age-appropriate play activity should the practical nurse suggest to the parents of a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?
- A. Play peek-a-boo.
- B. Play pat-a-cake.
- C. Imitate animal sounds.
- D. Show how to clap hands.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The practical nurse should suggest playing peek-a-boo to the parents of a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation. Peek-a-boo is a suitable game for this age group as it helps develop visual tracking skills and the concept of object permanence. By covering and uncovering their face or a toy, the infant learns that things still exist even when they cannot be seen, promoting cognitive development and visual engagement.
2. Why is honest information important in building a trusting relationship with adolescent patients?
- A. Encourage the adolescent to seek help outside of the school clinic.
- B. Keep disclosures from the adolescent confidential.
- C. Honest information ensures establishing a trusting relationship.
- D. Discourage minor adolescents from disclosing private concerns.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Honesty is fundamental in building trust with adolescent patients as it helps create an environment where they feel safe to share their concerns openly. By being honest and maintaining confidentiality, healthcare providers can establish a strong and trusting relationship with adolescents, ultimately leading to better healthcare outcomes.
3. A 16-year-old female student with a history of asthma controlled with both an oral antihistamine and an albuterol (ProAir) metered-dose inhaler (MDI) comes to the school nurse. The student complains that she cannot sleep at night, feels shaky, and her heart feels like it is 'beating a mile a minute.' Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
- A. When she last took the antihistamine.
- B. When her last asthma attack occurred.
- C. Duration of most asthma attacks.
- D. How often the MDI is used daily.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The most crucial information for the nurse to obtain in this scenario is how often the metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is used daily. This information will help assess if the symptoms of insomnia, shakiness, and palpitations are potentially related to overuse of the inhaler, which can cause side effects such as tremors and palpitations. Monitoring the frequency of MDI usage is essential in managing asthma and ensuring appropriate medication administration.
4. The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old adolescent who was admitted to the hospital after a suicide attempt. The adolescent’s mood appears stable, and the healthcare provider has recommended discharge. What is the nurse’s priority action?
- A. Ensure that a safety plan is in place before discharge
- B. Provide education about medication adherence
- C. Encourage the adolescent to participate in group therapy
- D. Schedule a follow-up appointment with a mental health professional
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The priority action for the nurse is to ensure that a safety plan is in place before discharge. A safety plan is essential to assist the adolescent in managing future crises and decreasing the likelihood of another suicide attempt. It provides guidance on coping strategies and resources to help the adolescent stay safe in times of distress.
5. When assessing a child with suspected meningitis, which finding is a characteristic sign of meningitis?
- A. High-pitched cry
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Photophobia
- D. Hypotension
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Photophobia, which is sensitivity to light, is a characteristic sign of meningitis in children. It commonly presents along with symptoms such as headache and neck stiffness. This symptom is important to recognize early for prompt diagnosis and treatment of meningitis.
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