Maternity HESI Quizlet

HESI RN

1. A full-term, 24-hour-old infant in the nursery regurgitates and suddenly turns cyanotic. What should the nurse do first?

A. Suction the oral and nasal passages.
B. Give oxygen by positive pressure.
C. Stimulate the infant to cry.
D. Turn the infant onto the right side.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a situation where an infant regurgitates and turns cyanotic, the priority action should be to clear any potential airway obstruction. Suctioning the oral and nasal passages is crucial to ensure the infant's airway is clear and allow for proper breathing. This intervention takes precedence over providing oxygen, stimulating the infant to cry, or repositioning the infant.

2. An off-duty healthcare professional finds a woman in a supermarket parking lot delivering an infant while her husband is screaming for someone to help his wife. Which intervention has the highest priority?

A. Use a sterile item to tie off the umbilical cord.
B. Provide privacy for the woman.
C. Reassure the husband and try to keep him calm.
D. Put the newborn to breast.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Putting the newborn to breast is the highest priority intervention in this scenario. It helps stimulate uterine contractions in the mother, which aids in controlling postpartum bleeding. Additionally, placing the newborn to breast promotes bonding between the mother and infant, provides comfort to the baby, and facilitates the initiation of breastfeeding. Ensuring the well-being of both the mother and the newborn is essential in this critical situation.

3. In which chromosome pattern is Duchenne disease inherited?

A. Autosomal dominant
B. Autosomal recessive
C. X-linked recessive
D. Mitochondrial

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Duchenne disease is caused by a mutation in the DMD gene located on the X chromosome, leading to an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern. Males are typically affected by this disorder as they have only one X chromosome, while females are carriers with one normal and one affected X chromosome.

4. Which physical assessment data should the nurse consider a normal finding for a primigravida client who is 12 hours postpartum?

A. Unilateral lower leg pain.
B. Saturating two perineal pads per hour.
C. Pulse rate of 56 bpm.
D. Soft, spongy fundus.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A pulse rate of 56 bpm is a normal finding for a primigravida client who is 12 hours postpartum. Bradycardia (pulse rate 50-70 bpm) can be a normal postpartum occurrence due to increased stroke volume and decreased cardiac output after delivery. Unilateral lower leg pain and saturating two perineal pads per hour are not normal findings and require further assessment. A soft, spongy fundus could indicate uterine atony, which is abnormal postpartum.

5. The LPN/LVN should explain to a 30-year-old gravida client that alpha fetoprotein testing is recommended for which purpose?

A. Detect cardiovascular disorders.
B. Screen for neural tube defects.
C. Monitor placental functioning.
D. Assess for maternal pre-eclampsia.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Screen for neural tube defects. Alpha fetoprotein testing is primarily used to screen for neural tube defects and other fetal abnormalities. It is not used to detect cardiovascular disorders, monitor placental functioning, or assess for maternal pre-eclampsia.