HESI RN
HESI RN Exit Exam 2024 Quizlet Capstone
1. A client reports gastrointestinal upset after taking oral tetracycline. Which snack should the nurse recommend?
- A. Yogurt with fruit
- B. Toast with jelly
- C. Crackers with peanut butter
- D. Oatmeal with raisins
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Toast with jelly. Tetracycline can cause gastrointestinal upset when taken with dairy products. Yogurt with fruit (Choice A) contains dairy, which can worsen the gastrointestinal upset. Crackers with peanut butter (Choice C) and oatmeal with raisins (Choice D) are also not the best choices as they may not be gentle enough on the stomach. Toast with jelly is a simple snack that does not contain dairy and is less likely to exacerbate the gastrointestinal upset.
2. The healthcare provider prescribes a sedative for a client with severe hypothyroidism. What is the best action for the nurse to take?
- A. Affirm the nurse's plan to review the prescription with the provider.
- B. Administer the sedative as prescribed.
- C. Advise the nurse to administer the medication as prescribed.
- D. Offer to administer the medication since the nurse is concerned.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to affirm the nurse's plan to review the prescription with the provider. Sedatives can worsen symptoms of hypothyroidism, so it is crucial to ensure the safety of the prescribed medication. Administering the sedative without further consultation could lead to adverse effects. Simply advising the nurse to administer the medication without addressing the need for review is not the best course of action. Offering to administer the medication without proper assessment or consulting the provider is not appropriate and could potentially harm the client.
3. A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed digoxin. What symptom indicates digoxin toxicity?
- A. Monitor for muscle weakness and fatigue.
- B. Monitor for increased appetite and weight gain.
- C. Monitor for nausea and vomiting.
- D. Monitor for blurred vision or seeing yellow halos around objects.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Blurred vision or seeing yellow halos around objects are signs of digoxin toxicity, which can be life-threatening. These symptoms indicate an overdose of digoxin, requiring immediate medical attention. Muscle weakness and fatigue (Choice A) are not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. Increased appetite and weight gain (Choice B) are not indicative of digoxin toxicity either. Nausea and vomiting (Choice C) are common side effects of digoxin but are not specific signs of toxicity. Therefore, the correct answer is to monitor for blurred vision or seeing yellow halos around objects.
4. A client with acute pancreatitis is admitted with severe, piercing abdominal pain and an elevated serum amylase. Which additional information is the client most likely to report to the nurse?
- A. Pain radiates to the back
- B. Nausea and vomiting without relief
- C. Abdominal pain decreases when lying supine
- D. Abdominal pain is worse after eating
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. In acute pancreatitis, abdominal pain typically worsens after eating due to the stimulation of the pancreas to release enzymes that irritate the inflamed tissues. Pain relief when lying supine is uncommon and usually exacerbates discomfort. While nausea and vomiting are common symptoms, they are not as indicative of changes in pain intensity. Pain radiating to the back is characteristic but does not specifically relate to exacerbation post-eating.
5. A client with diabetes mellitus is prescribed metformin. What teaching should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset.
- B. Monitor renal function regularly due to the risk of lactic acidosis.
- C. Avoid alcohol consumption while taking this medication.
- D. Check blood glucose levels regularly to ensure proper management.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct teaching for a client prescribed metformin includes monitoring renal function regularly due to the risk of lactic acidosis, especially in clients with impaired kidney function. While taking metformin with meals can reduce gastrointestinal upset, it is not the highest priority teaching point. Avoiding alcohol is generally recommended but not the most critical teaching point in this scenario. Checking blood glucose levels regularly is important for diabetes management but not specifically related to metformin use.
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