HESI RN
HESI RN CAT Exam Quizlet
1. The healthcare provider is caring for a client with jaundice. Which serum laboratory value is likely to be elevated for this client?
- A. Amylase
- B. Creatinine
- C. Blood urea nitrogen
- D. Bilirubin
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Bilirubin is a key serum laboratory value that is likely to be elevated in clients with jaundice. Jaundice is characterized by a yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an excess of bilirubin, a breakdown product of hemoglobin. Elevated amylase levels are associated with pancreatic conditions, not specifically jaundice. Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen are markers of kidney function and are not directly related to jaundice.
2. The nurse is caring for a client who is 2 days post-op following an abdominal surgery. The client reports feeling something 'give way' in the incision site and there is a small amount of bowel protruding from the wound. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Apply a sterile saline dressing to the wound
- B. Notify the healthcare provider
- C. Administer pain medication
- D. Cover the wound with an abdominal binder
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this situation, the priority action for the nurse is to apply a sterile saline dressing to the wound. This helps prevent infection and keeps the wound moist, which is crucial in promoting healing and preventing further complications. Option B, notifying the healthcare provider, is important but should come after addressing the wound. Administering pain medication (Option C) may be necessary but is not the first action to take in this emergency situation. Covering the wound with an abdominal binder (Option D) is not appropriate and may cause further harm by applying pressure to the protruding bowel.
3. The client is being taught how to take alendronate (Fosamax) for osteoporosis treatment. Which statement indicates that the client needs further teaching?
- A. I should take this medication at bedtime
- B. I will need to take this medication for at least 3 years
- C. I should sit up for 30 minutes after taking the medication
- D. I should take this medication with a full glass of water
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because taking Fosamax at bedtime is incorrect. It should be taken in the morning with a full glass of water to prevent esophageal irritation. Choice B is correct; alendronate is typically taken for several years to treat osteoporosis. Choice C is correct as remaining upright for 30 minutes after taking Fosamax helps prevent esophageal irritation. Choice D is also correct as taking alendronate with a full glass of water is necessary to ensure proper absorption.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with a new colostomy. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
- A. Change the ostomy appliance daily
- B. Empty the ostomy pouch when it is one-third full
- C. Rinse the ostomy pouch with warm water
- D. Apply a skin barrier to the peristomal skin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include in the client's teaching plan is to empty the ostomy pouch when it is one-third full. This practice helps prevent leakage and skin irritation by maintaining an appropriate pouching system. Changing the ostomy appliance daily (Choice A) is not necessary unless leakage or other issues occur. Rinsing the ostomy pouch with warm water (Choice C) is not a recommended practice as it may cause damage to the pouch. Applying a skin barrier to the peristomal skin (Choice D) is important but not the most crucial instruction in this scenario.
5. When preparing an educational program for adolescents about the risks of multiple sexual partners, which information is most important to include?
- A. Condoms provide reliable protection against sexually transmitted infections.
- B. Having multiple sexual partners increases the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections.
- C. The use of oral contraceptives can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections.
- D. Having multiple sexual partners increases the risk of developing cancer.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because having multiple sexual partners significantly increases the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This information is crucial for adolescents to understand the potential consequences of engaging in risky sexual behaviors. Choice A is incorrect because while condoms are important for protection, they are not 100% effective. Choice C is incorrect as oral contraceptives do not protect against STIs. Choice D is incorrect as the immediate concern for adolescents in this context is the risk of STIs rather than cancer.
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