HESI Pharmacology Quizlet

HESI RN

1. A client is instructed to take levothyroxine (Synthroid). The medication should be taken:

A. With food
B. At lunchtime
C. On an empty stomach
D. At bedtime with a snack

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption. Taking it with food or at bedtime can interfere with its absorption, reducing its effectiveness. Therefore, it is essential for the client to take levothyroxine on an empty stomach to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes.

2. The healthcare provider is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client who will be receiving asparaginase (Elspar), an antineoplastic agent. The healthcare provider consults with the registered nurse regarding the administration of the medication if which of the following is documented in the client's history?

A. Pancreatitis
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Myocardial infarction
D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Asparaginase is contraindicated in clients with a history of pancreatitis due to the risk of impairing pancreatic function and causing complications. Therefore, the healthcare provider should consult with the registered nurse to assess the client's history of pancreatitis before administering asparaginase.

3. What instruction should be included in the client's teaching plan when prescribed montelukast (Singulair) for asthma?

A. Take the medication as needed for asthma attacks.
B. Take the medication in the evening.
C. Increase fluid intake while taking this medication.
D. Use the medication before exercise.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction to include in the teaching plan for a client prescribed montelukast (Singulair) is to take the medication in the evening. Montelukast is most effective when taken in the evening to provide optimal control of asthma symptoms. It is not intended for use as a rescue medication for asthma attacks. There is no specific recommendation to increase fluid intake or use the medication before exercise in relation to montelukast therapy.

4. A nurse reinforces discharge instructions to a postoperative client who is taking warfarin sodium (Coumadin). Which statement, if made by the client, reflects the need for further teaching?

A. I will take my pills every day at the same time.
B. I will be certain to avoid alcohol consumption.
C. I have already called my family to pick up a Medic-Alert bracelet.
D. I will take Ecotrin (enteric-coated aspirin) for my headaches because it is coated.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ecotrin is an aspirin-containing product and should be avoided. Clients should avoid alcohol consumption, take prescribed medication at the same time each day, and use a Medic-Alert bracelet for emergency information.

5. While taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), a client should be instructed to report which symptom if it develops during the course of this medication therapy?

A. Nausea
B. Diarrhea
C. Headache
D. Sore throat

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Clients prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) should be educated about potential blood disorders associated with the medication. Early signs of these disorders include symptoms like sore throat, fever, and pallor. If the client experiences any of these symptoms, they should promptly notify their healthcare provider. Nausea, diarrhea, and headache are common side effects of TMP-SMZ that usually do not require immediate medical attention.