HESI RN
HESI Pharmacology Quizlet
1. What instruction should be included in the client's teaching plan when prescribed montelukast (Singulair) for asthma?
- A. Take the medication as needed for asthma attacks.
- B. Take the medication in the evening.
- C. Increase fluid intake while taking this medication.
- D. Use the medication before exercise.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction to include in the teaching plan for a client prescribed montelukast (Singulair) is to take the medication in the evening. Montelukast is most effective when taken in the evening to provide optimal control of asthma symptoms. It is not intended for use as a rescue medication for asthma attacks. There is no specific recommendation to increase fluid intake or use the medication before exercise in relation to montelukast therapy.
2. A healthcare provider is preparing to administer a prescribed dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a client. Before administering the medication, the healthcare provider should:
- A. Measure the client's blood pressure.
- B. Check the client's heart rate.
- C. Assess the client's respiratory rate.
- D. Check the client's oxygen saturation level.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Before administering digoxin (Lanoxin), the healthcare provider should check the client's heart rate. Monitoring the heart rate is crucial because if it is below 60 beats per minute, the medication should be withheld, and the healthcare provider must be informed. While blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation are essential assessments, they are not the primary focus before administering digoxin.
3. Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) is prescribed for a client with angina pectoris. The client tells the nurse that the medication is causing a chronic headache. The nurse appropriately suggests that the client:
- A. Cut the dose in half.
- B. Discontinue the medication.
- C. Take the medication with food.
- D. Contact the healthcare provider (HCP).
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Isosorbide mononitrate can cause headaches, which usually disappear during continued therapy. Taking the medication with food or meals can help alleviate the headache. It is important to recommend this approach before considering dose adjustments or discontinuation of the medication. Contacting the healthcare provider would be necessary if the headache persists despite taking the medication with food.
4. A client has begun therapy with theophylline (Theo-24). The nurse tells the client to limit the intake of which of the following while taking this medication?
- A. Oranges and pineapple
- B. Coffee, cola, and chocolate
- C. Oysters, lobster, and shrimp
- D. Cottage cheese, cream cheese, and dairy creamers
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Theophylline is a xanthine bronchodilator. Xanthines are found in coffee, cola, and chocolate. These foods should be limited while taking theophylline to prevent potential drug interactions or adverse effects.
5. A client is to begin a 6-month course of therapy with isoniazid (INH). A nurse plans to teach the client to:
- A. Avoid drinking alcohol.
- B. Report yellow eyes or skin immediately.
- C. Avoid Swiss or aged cheeses.
- D. Avoid vitamin supplements during therapy.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a client is on isoniazid (INH) therapy, they should be instructed to report any signs of hepatitis, such as yellowing of the eyes or skin, immediately. Alcohol consumption should be avoided during INH therapy due to the risk of hepatotoxicity. Foods high in tyramine, such as Swiss or aged cheeses, should also be avoided to prevent adverse reactions. Additionally, while on INH therapy, it is essential to avoid vitamin supplements containing pyridoxine (vitamin B6) to prevent potential interactions.
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