HESI RN
Pediatric HESI Quizlet
1. The healthcare provider finds a 6-month-old infant unresponsive and calls for help. After opening the airway and finding the infant is still not breathing, which action should the provider take?
- A. Palpate femoral pulse and check for regularity.
- B. Deliver cycles of 30 chest compressions and 2 breaths.
- C. Give two breaths that make the chest rise.
- D. Feel the carotid pulse and check for adequate breathing.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In pediatric basic life support, for an unresponsive infant who is not breathing normally, the correct action is to give two breaths that make the chest rise. This helps provide oxygen to the infant's body and is a crucial step in resuscitation efforts for infants in distress. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Palpating the femoral pulse or feeling the carotid pulse is not indicated in this scenario where the infant is unresponsive and not breathing. Delivering cycles of chest compressions and breaths is not the immediate action to take; the priority is to provide two breaths to help with oxygenation.
2. What information should a nurse discuss with the mother of a 2-year-old girl who is drinking sweetened soda from her bottle?
- A. Encouraging 2-word phrases in speech development for a 2-year-old
- B. Explaining the association between drinking soda and dental caries
- C. Discussing the link between drinking soda and childhood obesity
- D. Emphasizing the importance of toddlers sleeping 10 hours a night
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is explaining the association between drinking soda and dental caries. Soda consumption can lead to tooth decay and cavities, so it is crucial to educate the mother about this to prevent dental issues in the child.
3. A child who weighs 25 kg is receiving IV ampicillin at a dose of 300 mg/kg/24 hours in equally divided doses every 4 hours. How many milligrams should the nurse administer to the child for each dose?
- A. 1875 mg
- B. 625 mg
- C. 2000 mg
- D. 1500 mg
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the correct dose for each administration, you first need to find the total daily dose: 300 mg/kg * 25 kg = 7500 mg/day. Since this total dose is divided into equally divided doses every 4 hours, there are 6 doses in 24 hours. Therefore, 7500 mg ÷ 6 doses = 1250 mg per dose. The nurse should administer 1250 mg every 4 hours, resulting in a total of 1875 mg for each dose in a 24-hour period. Choice A, 1875 mg, is the correct answer. Choice B, 625 mg, is incorrect as it does not consider the total daily dose and the frequency of administration. Choice C, 2000 mg, is incorrect as it is not the calculated dosage based on the given parameters. Choice D, 1500 mg, is also incorrect as it does not reflect the correct dosage calculation for each dose.
4. Which statement by a school-aged client going to summer camp indicates the best understanding of the mode of transmission of Lyme disease?
- A. I'll cover my mouth with a wet cloth if there's too much dust blowing.
- B. Cuts and scrapes need to be washed out and covered right away.
- C. I'm not going to swim where the water is standing still or feels too hot.
- D. I have to wear long sleeves and pants when we're hiking around the pond.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Wearing long sleeves and pants helps prevent tick bites, which can transmit Lyme disease. Ticks carrying Lyme disease are often found in wooded or grassy areas, so covering exposed skin can reduce the risk of being bitten by an infected tick. Choices A, B, and C do not address the specific mode of transmission of Lyme disease through tick bites, making them incorrect.
5. A 12-year-old child with type 1 diabetes is under the nurse's care. The child’s parent asks how to prevent hypoglycemia during physical activity. What is the nurse’s best response?
- A. Give your child extra insulin before exercise
- B. Make sure your child eats a snack before exercise
- C. Limit your child’s physical activity to avoid hypoglycemia
- D. Monitor your child’s blood glucose levels after exercise
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most effective way to prevent hypoglycemia during physical activity in a child with type 1 diabetes is to ensure they eat a snack before exercising. Eating a snack before exercise helps maintain blood glucose levels by providing additional glucose for energy during physical activity, reducing the risk of hypoglycemia. Giving extra insulin before exercise (Choice A) can increase the risk of hypoglycemia as it lowers blood glucose levels further. Limiting physical activity (Choice C) is not recommended as exercise is important for overall health. Monitoring blood glucose levels after exercise (Choice D) is essential but does not directly prevent hypoglycemia during physical activity.
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