Nursing Elites

1. How can the concept of Integrated Reproductive Health be strengthened?

• A. Through advocacy and IEC
• B. Through community participation
• C. Through radio messages
• D. Through family planning

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Through advocacy and IEC. Advocacy and Information, Education, Communication (IEC) campaigns are crucial in strengthening the concept of Integrated Reproductive Health. These efforts help raise awareness, educate the community, and promote positive health behaviors. Choice B, community participation, though important, is not as direct in strengthening the concept as advocacy and IEC. Choice C, radio messages, can be a part of IEC campaigns but alone may not be as effective in strengthening the concept. Choice D, family planning, is a component of Integrated Reproductive Health but is not the most comprehensive approach to strengthening the concept.

2. The Gravindex test is used to detect Human Chorionic Gonadotrophic hormone (HCG) in:

• A. Urine or whole blood
• B. Amniotic fluid
• C. Saliva
• D. Cervical mucus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urine or whole blood. The Gravindex test is designed to detect Human Chorionic Gonadotrophic hormone (HCG) in urine or whole blood samples. HCG is a hormone produced during pregnancy, and its presence in urine or blood can indicate pregnancy. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the Gravindex test is not intended to detect HCG in amniotic fluid, saliva, or cervical mucus. These bodily fluids are not typically used for pregnancy testing purposes.

3. In 1989, the national population policy was formally launched targeting:

• A. Reducing population growth
• B. Making family planning services available
• C. Making services accessible and affordable to all eligible users
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the national population policy launched in 1989 aimed at reducing population growth by making family planning services available, accessible, and affordable to all eligible users. Choice A is incorrect as it does not encompass the full scope of the policy objectives. Choice B is also incomplete as it focuses solely on availability without considering accessibility and affordability. Choice C is partially correct but lacks the comprehensive approach of the national population policy.

4. In which of the following types of spontaneous abortions would the nurse assess dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test?

• A. Threatened
• B. Imminent
• C. Missed
• D. Incomplete

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dark brown vaginal discharge and a negative pregnancy test are characteristic of a missed abortion. In a missed abortion, the fetus has died, but the products of conception are retained in the uterus. This can lead to symptoms like dark brown vaginal discharge as the body tries to expel the nonviable pregnancy. A threatened abortion is characterized by vaginal bleeding without dilation of the cervix, and the pregnancy remains viable. Imminent abortion involves cervical dilation and effacement with no passage of tissue. In an incomplete abortion, only part of the products of conception are expelled, leading to persistent bleeding and cramping.

5. Which of these methods can be used for the transfer of zygote or early embryo into the fallopian tube?

• A. GIFT
• B. IUT
• C. ZIFT
• D. ICSI

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, ZIFT (Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer). ZIFT involves transferring a zygote or early embryo into the fallopian tube. GIFT (Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer - A) involves transferring unfertilized eggs and sperm into the fallopian tube for fertilization to occur inside the woman's body, not a zygote or early embryo. IUT (Intrauterine Transfer - B) is not specifically for transferring the zygote or early embryo into the fallopian tube, but rather into the uterus. ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection - D) is a technique where a single sperm is injected directly into an egg, not related to transferring embryos into the fallopian tube.

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