HESI RN
HESI Community Health
1. A nurse is developing a community health education program focused on preventing childhood obesity. Which intervention should be prioritized?
- A. Creating a school-based exercise program
- B. Distributing educational pamphlets on healthy eating
- C. Organizing a community health fair
- D. Partnering with local restaurants to offer healthy meal options
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Creating a school-based exercise program. This intervention directly addresses the need to increase physical activity among children, a crucial aspect in preventing childhood obesity. While distributing educational pamphlets on healthy eating (choice B) can be beneficial, promoting physical activity through a structured program is more effective in combating obesity. Organizing a community health fair (choice C) may raise awareness but may not lead to sustained behavior change like a structured exercise program. Partnering with local restaurants to offer healthy meal options (choice D) addresses nutrition but does not directly impact physical activity levels, which are essential in obesity prevention.
2. During a health assessment for a family with a history of cardiovascular disease, which family member should be prioritized for further evaluation and intervention?
- A. a 45-year-old father who smokes and has high cholesterol
- B. a 17-year-old daughter who is overweight and inactive
- C. a 50-year-old mother with a history of hypertension
- D. a 12-year-old son who has a normal weight and is active
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The 45-year-old father who smokes and has high cholesterol should be prioritized for further evaluation and intervention. He has multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including smoking and high cholesterol, which significantly increase his risk. Addressing these modifiable risk factors is crucial in preventing cardiovascular events. The daughter (Choice B) and mother (Choice C) also have risk factors, but the father's combination of smoking and high cholesterol places him at higher immediate risk, demanding priority intervention. The 12-year-old son (Choice D) with a normal weight and an active lifestyle has a lower risk profile and does not require immediate intervention compared to the father.
3. A nurse is planning a community event to raise awareness about mental health. Which activity should be included to best engage participants?
- A. lectures by mental health professionals
- B. interactive workshops on stress management
- C. distribution of mental health resources
- D. screenings for depression and anxiety
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Interactive workshops on stress management should be included to best engage participants in a community event about mental health. Unlike lectures by mental health professionals, workshops actively involve participants, allowing for interaction and practical skill-building. While distributing mental health resources and providing screenings for depression and anxiety are important components, interactive workshops offer a more engaging and hands-on approach, empowering individuals with skills they can use to manage their mental health effectively.
4. A client with a history of hypertension is admitted with acute renal failure. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Blood pressure of 180/100 mm Hg.
- B. Urine output of 50 mL in 4 hours.
- C. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute.
- D. Nausea and vomiting.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Urine output of 50 mL in 4 hours indicates oliguria, which can be a sign of worsening renal function and requires immediate intervention. In acute renal failure, maintaining adequate urine output is crucial to prevent further kidney damage and manage fluid balance. A high blood pressure reading (Option A) is concerning but may not require immediate intervention in this scenario as it could be due to the history of hypertension. A heart rate of 100 beats per minute (Option C) is slightly elevated but may not be the most critical finding at this moment. Nausea and vomiting (Option D) are important to assess but are not as urgent as addressing oliguria in a client with acute renal failure.
5. What information should the nurse provide a client who has undergone cryosurgery for stage 1A cervical cancer?
- A. Expect heavy, watery vaginal discharge for 3 to 6 weeks.
- B. Use a tampon instead of a sanitary napkin.
- C. Report any severe cramping immediately.
- D. Avoid sexual intercourse for 3 to 6 weeks.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: After cryosurgery for stage 1A cervical cancer, clients should avoid sexual intercourse for 3 to 6 weeks to reduce the risk of infection. Heavy, watery vaginal discharge is expected but not the focus of post-procedure instructions. Using tampons is contraindicated as they can introduce bacteria into the healing cervix. While reporting severe cramping is important, avoiding sexual intercourse is the priority to prevent complications.
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