HESI RN
HESI Community Health
1. The nurse is developing a program to educate parents on the importance of childhood immunizations. Which topic should be prioritized?
- A. the benefits of immunizations
- B. the potential side effects of vaccines
- C. the immunization schedule
- D. ways to comfort children during vaccinations
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: the benefits of immunizations. Emphasizing the benefits of immunizations helps parents understand the importance of vaccines in protecting their children from preventable diseases. This choice should be prioritized as it focuses on the positive outcomes of immunizations, which can motivate parents to vaccinate their children. Choices B, C, and D are not the top priority because while it's important to address potential side effects, the immunization schedule, and comforting children during vaccinations, the main focus should be on highlighting the benefits to encourage parents to make informed decisions regarding their child's immunizations.
2. During a home visit, a nurse observes an older client who is attempting to ambulate to the bathroom and notes that the client is unsteady and holds onto the furniture while refusing any assistance. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. determine home navigational safety hazards
- B. maintain the client's privacy while in the bathroom
- C. recommend that the client obtain a walker
- D. encourage the client to obtain a medical alert device
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to implement is to determine home navigational safety hazards. In this scenario, the client is unsteady and holds onto furniture while refusing assistance, indicating a risk of falls. By identifying and addressing home safety hazards, the nurse can help prevent potential accidents. Maintaining privacy in the bathroom (Choice B) is important but not the priority in this situation. Recommending a walker (Choice C) or a medical alert device (Choice D) may be appropriate interventions later but addressing home safety hazards is the immediate concern.
3. While screening all children in the third grade for head lice, the school nurse observes that one girl has a brownish thickening on her neck. Which action should the nurse take in response to this finding?
- A. review the child's medical folder for a list of allergies
- B. instruct the child's parents to begin treatment
- C. advise the child's parents to obtain a medical evaluation of the child
- D. none of the above
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take is to advise the child's parents to obtain a medical evaluation of the child. This is important because a medical professional needs to properly diagnose and treat the brownish thickening observed on the child's neck. Reviewing the child's medical folder for allergies (Choice A) is not appropriate in this situation as it does not address the specific concern. Instructing the child's parents to begin treatment (Choice B) without a proper diagnosis can be harmful and ineffective. Choosing 'none of the above' (Choice D) is not the best option when a potential health issue is identified; seeking a medical evaluation is the most appropriate course of action.
4. A school nurse is planning a program to address bullying among students. Which strategy is most likely to be effective?
- A. Implementing a zero-tolerance policy for bullying
- B. Conducting peer mediation sessions
- C. Providing workshops on conflict resolution
- D. Promoting bystander intervention
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Promoting bystander intervention is the most effective strategy as it empowers students to take action and prevent bullying incidents. By encouraging bystanders to intervene when they witness bullying, the behavior is less likely to continue. Zero-tolerance policies may have limited effectiveness as they often focus on punishment rather than prevention. Peer mediation and conflict resolution workshops are valuable but may not directly address the immediate need for bystander intervention in bullying situations.
5. A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted with severe epigastric pain. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Nausea and vomiting.
- B. Hematemesis.
- C. Melena.
- D. Rebound tenderness.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In a client with a history of peptic ulcer disease presenting with severe epigastric pain, the finding that requires immediate intervention is rebound tenderness. Rebound tenderness can indicate peritonitis, a serious condition that necessitates immediate medical attention. Nausea and vomiting, hematemesis, and melena are also concerning symptoms in a client with a history of peptic ulcer disease, but they do not signify the urgency of intervention as rebound tenderness does.
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