HESI RN
Biology Practice Test
1. Which of the following statements is true if a molecule exhibits adhesion?
- A. Two molecules of the same substance have the ability to stay bonded to one another
- B. The molecule has the ability to bond to or attract other molecules
- C. A molecule has the ability to increase its heat when necessary
- D. The molecule has the ability to form hydrogen bonds
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement is that if a molecule exhibits adhesion, it has the ability to bond to or attract other molecules. Adhesion refers to the ability of a molecule to bind to or attract different types of molecules. Choice A is incorrect because adhesion is about bonding to different molecules, not the same substance. Choice C is incorrect as adhesion does not relate to the ability of a molecule to increase its heat. Choice D is incorrect because forming hydrogen bonds is a specific type of interaction and not a general characteristic of molecules exhibiting adhesion.
2. A client is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin). Which of the following is the most important action for the nurse to take?
- A. Monitor the client for signs of nephrotoxicity.
- B. Monitor the client for signs of ototoxicity.
- C. Ensure adequate hydration.
- D. Administer the medication with food.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most important action for the nurse to take when a client is receiving vancomycin is to monitor for signs of nephrotoxicity. Vancomycin can cause kidney damage, so monitoring kidney function and signs of nephrotoxicity are crucial to prevent harm. While monitoring for ototoxicity and ensuring adequate hydration are important nursing actions, they are not as critical as preventing nephrotoxicity when administering vancomycin.
3. The healthcare provider is assessing a client who has returned from surgery. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Heart rate of 90 beats per minute.
- B. Oxygen saturation of 92%.
- C. Temperature of 99°F (37.2°C).
- D. Pain at the surgical site.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A temperature of 99°F (37.2°C) in a postoperative client requires immediate intervention as it may indicate the presence of infection. Elevated temperature post-surgery can be a sign of surgical site infection or systemic infection, which can lead to serious complications if not addressed promptly. Monitoring and managing a fever in a postoperative client is crucial to prevent further complications. The other findings, such as a heart rate of 90 beats per minute, oxygen saturation of 92%, and pain at the surgical site, are common postoperative assessments that may not necessarily require immediate intervention unless they are significantly out of normal range or causing severe distress to the client.
4. A public health nurse is evaluating a program designed to reduce the incidence of diabetes in the community. Which outcome indicates that the program is successful?
- A. increased participation in diabetes education sessions
- B. higher rates of blood glucose monitoring
- C. reduced incidence of diabetes-related complications
- D. greater knowledge of diabetes prevention methods
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'reduced incidence of diabetes-related complications.' This outcome indicates that the program is successful because it shows that individuals are effectively managing their condition, leading to fewer complications. Increased participation in education sessions (choice A) and higher rates of blood glucose monitoring (choice B) are important but are more process indicators rather than direct outcomes of improved health. Greater knowledge of prevention methods (choice D) is beneficial but may not directly reflect a reduction in diabetes incidence or complications.
5. A client is admitted with a large pleural effusion. Which procedure should the nurse prepare the client for?
- A. Thoracentesis.
- B. Endotracheal intubation.
- C. Chest tube insertion.
- D. Bronchoscopy.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: The correct procedure for a client with a large pleural effusion is thoracentesis. Thoracentesis is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure used to remove fluid from the pleural space, which can help relieve symptoms associated with pleural effusion. Choice B (Endotracheal intubation) is incorrect as it is a procedure to secure the airway by placing a tube into the trachea. Choice C (Chest tube insertion) is incorrect as it is typically done to drain air or fluid from the pleural space over a longer period. Choice D (Bronchoscopy) is incorrect as it is a procedure used to visualize the airways and diagnose lung conditions, not specifically for pleural effusion removal.