Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a common presentation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome?

• A. Oligomenorrhea, obesity, and hirsutism
• B. Amenorrhea, generalized hair loss, and weight gain
• C. Repeated ectopic pregnancies and chronic pelvic pain
• D. Fatigue, body aches, and menorrhagia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oligomenorrhea, obesity, and hirsutism. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) commonly presents with irregular periods (oligomenorrhea), obesity, and increased hair growth (hirsutism) due to hormonal imbalances. Choice B is incorrect as amenorrhea (absence of periods), generalized hair loss, and weight gain are not typical features of PCOS. Choice C is incorrect as repeated ectopic pregnancies and chronic pelvic pain are not characteristic of PCOS. Choice D is incorrect as fatigue, body aches, and menorrhagia (excessive menstrual bleeding) are not primary symptoms seen in PCOS.

2. Appropriate Technologies and Skills involve:

• A. Selecting technologies according to universal standards.
• B. Ensuring a doctor is present at the service-providing facility.
• C. Requiring that health care providers are nurses.
• D. Selecting technologies that are easy to use but not necessarily effective.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Selecting technologies according to universal standards.' Appropriate technologies and skills involve choosing tools and methods based on universal standards to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. Choice B is incorrect because the presence of a doctor is not necessarily a defining factor for appropriate technologies and skills. Choice C is incorrect as appropriate technologies are not limited to being utilized only by nurses. Choice D is incorrect as the focus should be on selecting technologies that are both easy to use and effective, not one or the other.

3. At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:

• A. Prickling, tingling sensation.
• B. Nipples become prominent and mobile.
• C. Darkening of the nipple.
• D. Breast start producing milk

Correct answer: D

Rationale: At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes typically include the onset of colostrum production, not just tenderness. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mammary glands during pregnancy. While some women may experience prickling or tingling sensations, prominent and mobile nipples, and darkening of the nipple, the key change during this time period is the production of colostrum. This substance is rich in antibodies and important for the newborn's initial nutrition. Therefore, the correct answer is not listed among the choices provided.

4. What is the purpose of hysteroscopy?

• A. View the uterine cavity
• B. Perform a D&C procedure
• C. Remove the fetus
• D. Visualize the fallopian tubes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hysteroscopy is a procedure where a very narrow endoscope is inserted through the cervix to view the uterine cavity. This allows healthcare providers to diagnose and treat various uterine conditions such as polyps, fibroids, and adhesions. Choice B, performing a D&C procedure, involves dilating the cervix and scraping the uterine lining, which is a different procedure. Choice C, removing the fetus, is not the purpose of hysteroscopy and is a procedure done in specific circumstances such as pregnancy termination or miscarriage management. Choice D, visualizing the fallopian tubes, is typically done through a procedure called a hysterosalpingogram, which is different from hysteroscopy.

5. What lines the uterus?

• A. Endometrium.
• B. Myometrium.
• C. Perimetrium.
• D. Glandular tissue.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Endometrium. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus where the fertilized egg implants and develops during pregnancy. Myometrium (Choice B) is the middle layer of the uterus consisting of muscle tissue. Perimetrium (Choice C) is the outer layer of the uterus. Glandular tissue (Choice D) is a broad term referring to tissue containing glands, but it does not specifically line the uterus.

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