HESI RN
HESI 799 RN Exit Exam Capstone
1. The nurse prepares to teach clients about blood glucose monitoring. When should clients always check glucose, regardless of age or type of diabetes?
- A. Before going to bed.
- B. After meals.
- C. During acute illness.
- D. Prior to exercising.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: During acute illness. Checking blood glucose during acute illness is crucial as stress can elevate glucose levels. This monitoring is essential regardless of the client's age or the type of diabetes they have. Checking before going to bed (choice A) may be important for some individuals, but it's not as universally necessary as during acute illness. Checking after meals (choice B) and prior to exercising (choice D) are important times for monitoring blood glucose, but they are not as universally applicable as during acute illness.
2. A 7-year-old with cystic fibrosis (CF) has received instructions about home care. Which statement made by the child's mother indicates that further teaching is needed?
- A. My child should not have a cough at all times
- B. He needs to take pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks
- C. He needs to use a bronchodilator every day
- D. His dietary intake needs to be high in protein and calories
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A cough at all times is not normal in a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) and indicates the need for further teaching on CF management. Choices B, C, and D are correct statements in managing CF: taking pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks, using a bronchodilator daily, and maintaining a high-protein and high-calorie dietary intake are all appropriate for a child with CF.
3. Laparoscopy uses a small instrument known as a laparoscope to:
- A. Take very detailed photographs
- B. Insert a hysteroscope for D&C
- C. Perform an abortion procedure
- D. Perform a hysterectomy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Laparoscopy uses a small instrument known as a laparoscope to take very detailed photographs of the pelvic organs. This procedure is commonly used for diagnostic purposes, to visualize internal organs, and to perform minimally invasive surgeries. Choice B, inserting a hysteroscope for D&C, is incorrect as hysteroscopy is a different procedure used to examine the inside of the uterus, not the pelvic organs. Choice C, performing an abortion procedure, is incorrect as laparoscopy is not used for abortion. Choice D, performing a hysterectomy, is incorrect as although laparoscopy can be used in some cases for hysterectomy, its primary purpose is not for this procedure.
4. What lines the uterus?
- A. Endometrium.
- B. Myometrium.
- C. Perimetrium.
- D. Glandular tissue.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Endometrium. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus where the fertilized egg implants and develops during pregnancy. Myometrium (Choice B) is the middle layer of the uterus consisting of muscle tissue. Perimetrium (Choice C) is the outer layer of the uterus. Glandular tissue (Choice D) is a broad term referring to tissue containing glands, but it does not specifically line the uterus.
5. The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Which outcome is the priority for this child?
- A. Activity tolerance as evidenced by appropriate age-level activities being performed
- B. Absence of skin breakdown as evidenced by intact skin and absence of redness
- C. Maintaining adequate nutritional status as evidenced by stable weight without gain or loss
- D. Maintaining fluid balance as evidenced by a urine output of 1 to 2 ml/kg/hr
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In acute glomerulonephritis, maintaining fluid balance is the priority to prevent complications like fluid overload or dehydration. Monitoring urine output within the range of 1 to 2 ml/kg/hr is crucial in assessing renal function. While activity tolerance, skin integrity, and nutritional status are important aspects of care, fluid balance takes precedence due to its direct impact on the renal condition and overall health outcome for the child.