HESI RN
Reproductive System Exam Questions
1. Which of the following is included in a pelvic examination?
- A. Inspection of internal genitalia
- B. Inspection of the cervix and vaginal wall
- C. Palpation of the vagina and vaginal cervix by digital examination
- D. Rectal examination
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. A pelvic examination involves the inspection of the cervix and vaginal wall. This is typically done to assess the health of the reproductive organs and screen for any abnormalities. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while palpation and digital examination may be part of a pelvic exam, the specific focus on the cervix and vaginal wall is a key component that distinguishes it from other types of examinations.
2. A child with ADHD needs help with homework. What should the nurse encourage the parents to do?
- A. Encourage the parents to help the child with homework.
- B. Do the homework for the child.
- C. Set a regular homework schedule.
- D. Provide a quiet environment for homework.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging parents to help the child with homework is the most appropriate course of action. By assisting the child, parents can provide necessary support and guidance without taking over the task entirely. This approach fosters independence and helps the child develop academic skills. Option B, doing the homework for the child, is counterproductive as it does not empower the child to learn and grow independently. Option C, setting a regular homework schedule, is important but does not address the immediate need for assistance. Option D, providing a quiet environment for homework, is helpful but does not directly involve parents in supporting the child's academic progress.
3. A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is taking metformin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following potential side effects?
- A. Lactic acidosis
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Weight gain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lactic acidosis. Metformin, a common medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus, can lead to lactic acidosis, particularly in individuals with renal impairment or other predisposing factors. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis, such as muscle pain, weakness, trouble breathing, dizziness, and slow or irregular heartbeat, is crucial when a client is taking metformin. Choice B, hypokalemia, is not a common side effect of metformin. Choice C, hyperglycemia, is contrary to the intended effect of metformin, which is to lower blood glucose levels. Choice D, weight gain, is not typically associated with metformin use; in fact, metformin may even contribute to weight loss in some individuals.
4. A healthcare provider is preparing to administer a prescribed dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a client. Before administering the medication, the healthcare provider should:
- A. Measure the client's blood pressure.
- B. Check the client's heart rate.
- C. Assess the client's respiratory rate.
- D. Check the client's oxygen saturation level.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Before administering digoxin (Lanoxin), the healthcare provider should check the client's heart rate. Monitoring the heart rate is crucial because if it is below 60 beats per minute, the medication should be withheld, and the healthcare provider must be informed. While blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation are essential assessments, they are not the primary focus before administering digoxin.
5. A client who was involved in a motor vehicle collision is admitted with a fractured left femur that is immobilized using a fracture traction splint in preparation for an open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). The nurse determines that the client's distal pulses are diminished in the left foot. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Verify pedal pulses using a Doppler pulse device
- B. Evaluate the application of the splint to the left leg
- C. Offer ice chips and clear oral liquids
- D. Monitor the left leg for pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, pressure
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Evaluating the application of the splint is the priority as it ensures it is not too tight, which could impair circulation and exacerbate the diminished pulses. Verifying pedal pulses with a Doppler pulse device may be indicated but does not directly address the immediate concern of proper splint application. Offering ice chips and clear oral liquids would not address the issue of diminished distal pulses. Monitoring the left leg for pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, and pressure is important but would not directly address the cause of the diminished pulses in this scenario.