Nursing Elites

1. Outlet of the true pelvis anteriorly bounded by:

• A. Ischiopubic arch (T)
• B. Linea terminalis (F)
• C. Coccyx (T)
• D. Promontory of the sacrum (F)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ischiopubic arch. The outlet of the true pelvis is indeed anteriorly bounded by the ischiopubic arch, which consists of the ischium and the pubic bones. This structure forms the lower boundary of the pelvic outlet. The other choices, B, C, and D, are incorrect. The linea terminalis (pelvic brim) forms the upper boundary of the true pelvis, the coccyx is part of the bony pelvis but does not bound the pelvic outlet anteriorly, and the promontory of the sacrum is located in the posterior part of the pelvis, not the anterior boundary of the pelvic outlet.

2. The endometrial tissue of the cervix is arranged in folds known as:

• A. Racemose glands
• B. Rugae
• C. Arbor vitae
• D. Peritoneum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The endometrial tissue of the cervix is arranged in folds known as rugae, not Arbor vitae. Rugae are commonly found in anatomical structures like the stomach and bladder to allow expansion. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Racemose glands refer to branched compound glands, Arbor vitae is the tree-like appearance of the cerebellum, and Peritoneum is the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity.

3. Which structure maintains the uterus in an anteverted and anteflexed position?

• A. Round ligaments
• B. Broad ligaments
• C. Cardinal ligaments
• D. Pubocervical ligaments

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Round ligaments. The round ligaments are responsible for maintaining the uterus in an anteverted and anteflexed position. These ligaments attach from the sides of the uterus and extend through the inguinal canal to the labia majora. The other choices, Broad ligaments, Cardinal ligaments, and Pubocervical ligaments, have different functions and attachments within the pelvis. Broad ligaments are a double layer of peritoneum that encloses the uterus and supports the uterine tubes. Cardinal ligaments provide support to the cervix and upper vagina. Pubocervical ligaments support the cervix and bladder.

4. Which policy was formally launched to target reducing population growth, making family planning services available, accessible, and affordable to all eligible users?

• A. The reproductive health policy
• B. The ministry of health policy
• C. Gender and health policy
• D. The national population policy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the national population policy. This policy was specifically launched to address population growth by providing access to family planning services. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly focus on population control and family planning services, which are the primary objectives of the national population policy.

5. Discuss the anatomical/physiological changes in pregnancy under the following: Cardiovascular system

• A. The heart is displaced upward and to the left by the enlarging uterus, cardiac capacity increases, and blood pressure declines slightly.
• B. The heart is displaced downward and to the right, and blood pressure increases.
• C. The cardiovascular system remains unchanged during pregnancy.
• D. Cardiovascular changes include increased peripheral resistance and reduced cardiac output.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During pregnancy, the cardiovascular system undergoes changes such as the heart being displaced upward and to the left by the enlarging uterus, increased cardiac capacity, and a slight decline in blood pressure. Choice B is incorrect as the heart is displaced upwards, not downwards, and blood pressure typically decreases slightly. Choice C is incorrect as the cardiovascular system does undergo changes during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as cardiovascular changes in pregnancy involve increased cardiac output rather than reduced output.

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