Nursing Elites

1. What is one goal of family planning?

• A. Ensuring that all couples and individuals have the basic right to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children
• B. Limiting couples and individuals to one or two children
• C. Forcing couples and individuals to have only one child and adopt siblings from an orphanage
• D. Providing a permanent method of family planning after having three children

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Family planning aims to ensure that all couples and individuals have the basic right to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children. This promotes reproductive autonomy and allows individuals to make informed choices about their family size. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they involve imposing restrictions or decisions on family size rather than empowering individuals to make their own choices.

2. Discuss the anatomical/physiological changes in pregnancy related to the breasts.

• A. Breast tenderness increases, circulatory supply to the breasts increases, leading to breast enlargement, and colostrum secretion occurs.
• B. Breast tenderness decreases, and there is no significant change in breast size.
• C. Breast changes include decreased tenderness and reduced circulatory supply.
• D. Breasts do not undergo significant changes during pregnancy.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During pregnancy, the breasts undergo significant anatomical and physiological changes. These changes include increased breast tenderness, an increase in circulatory supply to the breasts, resulting in breast enlargement, and the secretion of colostrum. Choice B is incorrect as breast tenderness actually increases during pregnancy. Choice C is incorrect as the circulatory supply to the breasts increases rather than reduces. Choice D is incorrect as breasts do undergo notable changes during pregnancy.

3. What type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder?

• A. Transitional epithelium.
• B. Stratified epithelium.
• C. Glandular tissue.
• D. Endometrium.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transitional epithelium. The urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelium, a specialized type of epithelial tissue that can stretch and recoil to accommodate changes in volume as the bladder fills and empties. Stratified epithelium (choice B) is not the main lining of the urinary bladder and is found in other areas like the skin. Glandular tissue (choice C) is responsible for producing secretions and is not typically found lining the urinary bladder. Endometrium (choice D) is the inner lining of the uterus and is not present in the urinary bladder.

4. During the counseling session, you can also use the acronym, CLEAR. The letter E stands for:

• A. Encourage and assure the client of effective use of the method
• B. Explain how to use the method
• C. Tell the client about modern FP methods available, and discuss each in detail
• D. Explain all possible complications

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Explain how to use the method.' In the acronym CLEAR, the letter E specifically refers to explaining how to use the method, emphasizing the importance of providing clear instructions and guidance to the client. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent what the letter E stands for in the given context. Encouraging and assuring the client, discussing modern FP methods in detail, and explaining possible complications are important aspects of counseling but do not align with the specific focus of 'Explain how to use the method,' as indicated by the acronym.

5. What term is used to refer to the fertilized ovum?

• A. Zygote
• B. Embryo
• C. Foetus
• D. Pregnancy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Zygote. A zygote is formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell. It is the initial stage of prenatal development. Choice B, Embryo, refers to the stage of prenatal development after the zygote and before the foetus. Choice C, Foetus, is the stage of prenatal development after the embryo. Choice D, Pregnancy, is a broader term referring to the condition of having a developing baby in the uterus.

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