Nursing Elites

1. Incomplete abortion is characterized by:

• A. Heavy bleeding.
• B. Open os.
• C. Severe cramping.
• D. Light bleeding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Incomplete abortion is characterized by an open os, which means that the cervix is dilated, allowing for passage of tissue. This condition typically presents with heavy bleeding as parts of the products of conception are expelled. Severe cramping may also be present due to uterine contractions. Therefore, the correct characteristic of incomplete abortion is an open os (Choice B). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as heavy bleeding and severe cramping are symptoms associated with incomplete abortion, but they do not specifically define it, and light bleeding is not characteristic of incomplete abortion.

2. Where does the ovum receive the sperm?

• A. Animal pole
• B. Vegetal pole
• C. Zona pellucida
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Zona pellucida.' The ovum receives the sperm at the zona pellucida, which is the glycoprotein layer surrounding the plasma membrane of the oocyte. This layer plays a crucial role in preventing polyspermy. Choices A and B, 'Animal pole' and 'Vegetal pole,' are incorrect as they refer to different regions of the egg and are not where the sperm fertilizes the ovum. Choice D, 'None of the above,' is incorrect as the sperm indeed interacts with the zona pellucida during fertilization.

3. Which of the following investigations is done in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease?

• A. Paracentesis
• B. Culdocentesis
• C. Hysterectomy
• D. Douching

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Culdocentesis is the correct procedure performed to assess the pelvic cavity, often used in the diagnosis of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. Paracentesis involves the aspiration of fluid from the abdominal cavity, not typically done for PID. Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus and is not a diagnostic investigation for PID. Douching is a hygiene practice and not a diagnostic procedure for PID.

4. What is one goal of family planning?

• A. Ensuring that all couples and individuals have the basic right to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children
• B. Limiting couples and individuals to one or two children
• C. Forcing couples and individuals to have only one child and adopt siblings from an orphanage
• D. Providing a permanent method of family planning after having three children

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Family planning aims to ensure that all couples and individuals have the basic right to decide freely and responsibly the number and spacing of their children. This promotes reproductive autonomy and allows individuals to make informed choices about their family size. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they involve imposing restrictions or decisions on family size rather than empowering individuals to make their own choices.

5. Which policy was formally launched to target reducing population growth, making family planning services available, accessible, and affordable to all eligible users?

• A. The reproductive health policy
• B. The ministry of health policy
• C. Gender and health policy
• D. The national population policy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, the national population policy. This policy was specifically launched to address population growth by providing access to family planning services. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly focus on population control and family planning services, which are the primary objectives of the national population policy.

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