Nursing Elites

1. Incomplete abortion is characterized by:

• A. Heavy bleeding.
• B. Open os.
• C. Severe cramping.
• D. Light bleeding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Incomplete abortion is characterized by an open os, which means that the cervix is dilated, allowing for passage of tissue. This condition typically presents with heavy bleeding as parts of the products of conception are expelled. Severe cramping may also be present due to uterine contractions. Therefore, the correct characteristic of incomplete abortion is an open os (Choice B). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as heavy bleeding and severe cramping are symptoms associated with incomplete abortion, but they do not specifically define it, and light bleeding is not characteristic of incomplete abortion.

2. Each breast is situated on each side of the sternum and extends between the:

• A. 1st and 6th rib
• B. 2nd and 6th rib
• C. 3rd and 6th rib
• D. 4th and 6th rib

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2nd and 6th rib. Each breast is situated between the 2nd and 6th ribs. This anatomical location is important for understanding breast examination techniques and identifying potential abnormalities. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the breasts do not extend as far as the 1st, 3rd, or 4th rib, respectively. Understanding the precise anatomical location of structures is crucial in healthcare to ensure accurate assessments and interventions.

3. Which of the following is included in a gynecological examination?

• A. Abdominal examination
• B. General and systemic examination
• C. Obstetric exam
• D. Pelvic examination

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct! A gynecological examination typically includes an abdominal examination to assess the overall health of the patient. This includes checking for any abnormalities, tenderness, or masses. General and systemic examinations are also important as they provide valuable information about the patient's overall health status. Pelvic examination is another essential component of a gynecological exam to assess the reproductive organs. Obstetric exams, focusing on pregnant women, are not part of routine gynecological examinations.

4. Which one is not a barrier method for birth control?

• A. Diaphragms
• B. Cervical caps
• C. Vaults
• D. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Intrauterine Devices (IUDs). Barrier methods of birth control physically block sperm from reaching the egg. Diaphragms, cervical caps, and vaults are examples of barrier methods as they create a barrier that prevents sperm from reaching the cervix. In contrast, IUDs work by altering the cervical mucus and uterine lining, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg, but they do not physically block sperm like barrier methods do.

5. What is the most important factor in ensuring accessibility in reproductive health services?

• A. Ensuring that primary health care (PHC) services are available within a reasonable distance.
• B. Requiring patients to access multiple services to get the care they need.
• C. Providing reproductive health services only to those who can afford it.
• D. Providing health services only in urban areas.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ensuring that primary health care (PHC) services are available within a reasonable distance. Accessibility in reproductive health services is crucial for ensuring that individuals can easily access the care they need. Option B is incorrect because requiring patients to access multiple services can create barriers to care. Option C is incorrect as accessibility should not be limited based on financial means. Option D is incorrect because healthcare services should be available in both urban and rural areas to reach a wider population.

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