Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following are layers of endometrium in pregnancy EXCEPT?

• A. Decidua compacta
• B. Decidua spongiosum
• C. Decidua functionalis
• D. Decidua basalis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: During pregnancy, the layers of endometrium include decidua compacta, decidua spongiosum, and decidua basalis. Decidua functionalis is the layer that sheds during menstruation and regenerates each cycle, not a layer of the endometrium during pregnancy. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer. Decidua compacta is the layer closest to the conceptus, decidua spongiosum is the middle layer, and decidua basalis is the layer adjacent to the myometrium.

2. Which of the following is included in a gynecological examination?

• A. Abdominal examination
• B. General and systemic examination
• C. Obstetric exam
• D. Pelvic examination

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct! A gynecological examination typically includes an abdominal examination to assess the overall health of the patient. This includes checking for any abnormalities, tenderness, or masses. General and systemic examinations are also important as they provide valuable information about the patient's overall health status. Pelvic examination is another essential component of a gynecological exam to assess the reproductive organs. Obstetric exams, focusing on pregnant women, are not part of routine gynecological examinations.

3. Which hormone regulates the production of milk after childbirth?

• A. Prolactin
• B. Oxytocin
• C. Estrogen
• D. Progesterone

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Prolactin. Prolactin is the hormone responsible for regulating the production of milk after childbirth. It stimulates the mammary glands in the breasts to produce milk. Oxytocin, on the other hand, is responsible for the ejection of milk from the breasts. Estrogen and progesterone play roles in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy but are not directly involved in milk production. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect.

4. Basal body temperature rise of _____ is seen in the luteal phase due to the thermogenic effects of a metabolite of progesterone in a normal cycle:

• A. 0.1-0.5
• B. 0.2-0.5
• C. 1.0-2.0
• D. 1.5-2.0

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A basal body temperature rise of 0.2-0.5 degrees Celsius is typically seen in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle due to the thermogenic effects of a metabolite of progesterone. This temperature rise helps to indicate ovulation has occurred. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the usual range of temperature increase observed during the luteal phase. A rise of 0.1-0.5 degrees Celsius is too narrow (eliminating choice A), while ranges of 1.0-2.0 and 1.5-2.0 degrees Celsius are too high and not consistent with the expected basal body temperature changes during the menstrual cycle.

5. To ensure the provision of appropriate services for overcoming infertility barriers to the achievement of reproductive intentions, Integrated Reproductive Health has incorporated a component of:

• A. Infertility
• B. Safe abortions
• C. STIs and HIV
• D. Family Planning

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Infertility. Integrated Reproductive Health incorporates a component focused on infertility to address barriers to achieving reproductive intentions. This inclusion is crucial as infertility can be a significant obstacle to reproductive health. Choice B, safe abortions, is incorrect as it is not directly related to overcoming infertility barriers. Choice C, STIs and HIV, while important for reproductive health, is not specifically addressing infertility. Choice D, family planning, although relevant for reproductive health, is not the primary focus when addressing infertility barriers.

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