Nursing Elites

1. What is Carboprost used for?

• A. Affects milk production.
• B. Relieve constriction ring.
• C. Management of post-partum haemorrhage.
• D. Induce labor.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Carboprost is used in the management of post-partum haemorrhage. This medication helps to reduce excessive bleeding after childbirth. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Carboprost does not affect milk production, relieve constriction ring, or induce labor.

2. Which of the following is not a complication of menopause?

• A. Fractures
• B. Alzheimer's disease
• C. Congestive heart failure
• D. Painful intercourse

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Congestive heart failure is not typically associated with menopause. Menopause is linked to an increased risk of fractures due to bone density loss, a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease due to hormonal changes, and painful intercourse due to vaginal dryness and thinning of tissues. While cardiovascular health can be affected by menopause, congestive heart failure is not a direct complication associated with menopause.

3. Which one of the following is not a stage in the ovarian cycle of the menstrual cycle?

• A. Recruitment of Graafian follicle
• B. Selection of dominant follicle
• C. Luteal phase
• D. Formation of corpus luteum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The recruitment of the Graafian follicle is indeed a stage in the ovarian cycle. During the ovarian cycle, the primary follicles are recruited to develop further, leading to the formation of the Graafian follicle. The selection of the dominant follicle, luteal phase, and formation of the corpus luteum are other essential stages in the ovarian cycle. Therefore, option A is not correct as it is a crucial phase in the process of ovulation and fertilization.

4. Discuss the anatomical/physiological changes in pregnancy under the following: Kidney/renal system

• A. Kidneys increase in size, pelvis dilates, ureters elongate and dilate, and the glomerular filtration rate increases.
• B. Kidneys decrease in size, and glomerular filtration rate decreases.
• C. There is no change in kidney size or ureter function, but the glomerular filtration rate decreases.
• D. Kidneys shrink, and ureters remain the same.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During pregnancy, the kidneys increase in size, the pelvis dilates, ureters elongate and dilate, and the glomerular filtration rate increases. This is due to the increased metabolic demands and hormonal changes during pregnancy. Choice B is incorrect as the kidneys do not decrease in size, and the glomerular filtration rate actually increases. Choice C is incorrect as there are changes in kidney size and ureter function during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as the kidneys do not shrink during pregnancy.

5. What type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder?

• A. Transitional epithelium.
• B. Stratified epithelium.
• C. Glandular tissue.
• D. Endometrium.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transitional epithelium. The urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelium, a specialized type of epithelial tissue that can stretch and recoil to accommodate changes in volume as the bladder fills and empties. Stratified epithelium (choice B) is not the main lining of the urinary bladder and is found in other areas like the skin. Glandular tissue (choice C) is responsible for producing secretions and is not typically found lining the urinary bladder. Endometrium (choice D) is the inner lining of the uterus and is not present in the urinary bladder.

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