Nursing Elites

1. During fertilization, the portion of the decidua covering the blastocyst is called:

• A. Decidua basalis
• B. Decidua Vera
• C. Decidua parietalis
• D. Decidua capsularis

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During fertilization, the decidua capsularis is the specific portion of the decidua that covers the blastocyst, providing protection and support. Decidua basalis refers to the part of the decidua located at the site of implantation on the maternal side. Decidua vera is the remainder of the decidua lining the uterus. Decidua parietalis is the portion of the decidua that lines the rest of the uterine cavity, except for the site of implantation. Therefore, in the context of fertilization, the decidua capsularis is the correct answer.

2. At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:

• A. Prickling, tingling sensation.
• B. Nipples become prominent and mobile.
• C. Darkening of the nipple.
• D. Breast becomes tender.

Correct answer: F

Rationale: At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes typically include the onset of colostrum production, not just tenderness. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mammary glands during pregnancy. While some women may experience prickling or tingling sensations, prominent and mobile nipples, and darkening of the nipple, the key change during this time period is the production of colostrum. This substance is rich in antibodies and important for the newborn's initial nutrition. Therefore, the correct answer is not listed among the choices provided.

3. What does Informed Consent mean?

• A. A patient has the right to know what a procedure involves before it is performed.
• B. Forcing all patients scheduled for surgery to sign a consent form.
• C. Telling the patient to sign the consent form without explanation.
• D. Allowing patients to undergo procedures without their consent.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Informed Consent means that a patient has the right to be informed about what a procedure involves before it is performed. Choice B is incorrect because consent should not be forced, and patients should have the opportunity to understand what they are agreeing to. Choice C is incorrect as it goes against the essence of informed consent, which requires explanation. Choice D is incorrect as it contradicts the fundamental principle of requiring patient consent before procedures.

4. During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the Graafian follicle rupture?

• A. Regenerative
• B. Menstruation
• C. Ovulation
• D. Proliferative

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ovulation. The Graafian follicle ruptures during the ovulation phase, releasing the mature egg from the ovary. This process marks the midpoint of the menstrual cycle. Choice A, Regenerative, is incorrect as it does not correspond to a specific phase of the menstrual cycle. Choice B, Menstruation, is incorrect because menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining and occurs after ovulation if fertilization does not occur. Choice D, Proliferative, is incorrect as it refers to the phase in which the uterine lining thickens in preparation for a potential embryo implantation, which happens after ovulation.

5. What is a characteristic of threatening abortion?

• A. Os open.
• B. Firm contracted uterus.
• C. Heavy bleeding.
• D. Severe cramping.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Threatening abortion is characterized by a firm contracted uterus with an open os. This presentation indicates a risk of miscarriage. Choice A ('Os open') is not specific enough and does not fully describe the condition. Choices C ('Heavy bleeding') and D ('Severe cramping') can also be present in threatening abortion, but the primary characteristic is a firm contracted uterus with an open os.

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