Nursing Elites

1. Basal body temperature rise of _____ is seen in the luteal phase due to the thermogenic effects of a metabolite of progesterone in a normal cycle:

• A. 0.1-0.5
• B. 0.2-0.5
• C. 1.0-2.0
• D. 1.5-2.0

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A basal body temperature rise of 0.2-0.5 degrees Celsius is typically seen in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle due to the thermogenic effects of a metabolite of progesterone. This temperature rise helps to indicate ovulation has occurred. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the usual range of temperature increase observed during the luteal phase. A rise of 0.1-0.5 degrees Celsius is too narrow (eliminating choice A), while ranges of 1.0-2.0 and 1.5-2.0 degrees Celsius are too high and not consistent with the expected basal body temperature changes during the menstrual cycle.

2. Oligomenorrhea is defined as a cycle longer than:

• A. 28 days
• B. 30 days
• C. 35 days
• D. 40 days

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Oligomenorrhea is defined as a menstrual cycle longer than 35 days. A cycle of 28 days (Choice A) is within the normal range, and not considered oligomenorrhea. Similarly, 30 days (Choice B) and 40 days (Choice D) are also within the normal range. The correct definition of oligomenorrhea specifically refers to cycles longer than 35 days, making Choice C the correct answer.

3. Practices such as female genital mutilation and unsafe male circumcision are categorized as:

• A. Harmful traditional practices
• B. Encouraged in rural Zambia
• C. Recommended in modern surgery and IRH
• D. Safer sex practices

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Practices like female genital mutilation and unsafe male circumcision are considered harmful traditional practices due to the physical and psychological harm they cause. Choice A is correct as these practices are not safe or recommended. Choice B is incorrect, as harmful traditional practices are not encouraged anywhere. Choice C is incorrect as modern surgery and organizations like IRH aim to eliminate such practices, not recommend them. Choice D is incorrect as these practices are not related to safer sex practices but rather harmful practices that need to be eradicated.

4. Discuss the anatomical/physiological changes in pregnancy under the following: Uterus

• A. The uterus softens in the anterior midline, becomes flexible at the uterocervical junction, blood vasculature increases in size and number, and hypertrophy of myometrial cells occurs.
• B. The uterus decreases in size during pregnancy and remains rigid.
• C. The uterus size remains unchanged, and no changes occur in the blood vasculature.
• D. Uterus becomes more rigid and hypertrophies.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During pregnancy, the uterus undergoes various anatomical and physiological changes. The correct answer, Choice A, accurately describes these changes. The uterus softens in the anterior midline, becomes flexible at the uterocervical junction, experiences an increase in blood vasculature size and number, and myometrial cells hypertrophy. This softening and increased vascularity are essential for accommodating the growing fetus and facilitating delivery. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the typical changes that occur in the uterus during pregnancy. The uterus does not decrease in size, remain unchanged in size, become more rigid, or hypertrophy without the described softening and vascular changes.

5. How does the component of Adolescent health and development empower adolescents/youths?

• A. By equipping them with life skills
• B. By involving them in providing health education
• C. By encouraging them to become peer educators
• D. By providing them with loans to start businesses

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: By equipping them with life skills. Life skills empower adolescents and youths to make informed decisions and take control of their health. Providing health education (choice B) and encouraging them to become peer educators (choice C) are beneficial but may not directly empower them as much as acquiring life skills. Giving loans to start businesses (choice D) is not directly related to empowering adolescents in the context of health and development.

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