Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following options correctly lists biology's hierarchical organizational system?

• A. Phylum, Kingdom, Class, Family, Order, Species, Genus
• B. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
• C. Genus, Order, Kingdom, Class, Phylum, Species, Family
• D. Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Genus, Order, Family, Species

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct hierarchical organizational system in biology is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. This follows the mnemonic 'King Phillip Came Over For Good Soup.' Choice A is incorrect as it does not follow the correct hierarchical order. Choice C is incorrect as it starts with Genus, which is more specific and should come after Family. Choice D is incorrect as it does not follow the correct hierarchical order.

2. What is the science of biological classification commonly called?

• A. Taxonomy
• B. Physiology
• C. Botany
• D. Zoology

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Taxonomy is the science of naming, defining, and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Physiology (choice B) is the study of the functions and processes of living organisms, not classification. Botany (choice C) is the study of plants, while Zoology (choice D) is the study of animals. Therefore, the correct answer is Taxonomy (choice A).

3. Which of the following is often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell?

• A. Nucleus
• B. Chromatin
• C. Mitochondria
• D. Ribosomes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they generate most of the cell's supply of ATP, which is the energy currency used for various cellular processes. The nucleus (Choice A) is the control center of the cell, housing genetic material. Chromatin (Choice B) is a complex of DNA and proteins within the nucleus. Ribosomes (Choice D) are responsible for protein synthesis and not the primary energy production in the cell.

4. During which stage of mitosis does the nuclear envelope begin to disappear and the chromosomes start attaching to the spindle forming along the cell's axis?

• A. Prometaphase
• B. Metaphase
• C. Anaphase
• D. Prophase

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Prometaphase. During prometaphase, the nuclear envelope disintegrates, and chromosomes start attaching to spindle fibers. In metaphase, chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. Anaphase is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids, and prophase involves the condensation of chromosomes and the beginning of spindle formation.

5. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert all except which of the following into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds?

• A. Minerals
• B. Water
• C. Carbon dioxide
• D. Metals

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is utilized to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds like glucose. Minerals play a role in plant growth but are not directly converted during photosynthesis. Metals are not part of the photosynthesis process, making them the correct answer. Therefore, the correct choice is D. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as minerals, water, and carbon dioxide are involved in the photosynthesis process.

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