HESI RN
HESI Nutrition Proctored Exam Quizlet
1. Which information is a priority for the client to reinforce after intravenous pyelography?
- A. Eat a light diet for the rest of the day
- B. Rest for the next 24 hours as the preparation and test are tiring.
- C. During waking hours, drink at least 1 8-ounce glass of fluid every hour for the next 2 days
- D. Measure urine output for the next day and immediately notify the healthcare provider if it decreases.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: After intravenous pyelography, monitoring urine output is crucial to assess kidney function and detect any early signs of complications. Decreased urine output could indicate a problem with kidney function or potential complications from the procedure. While rest and hydration are important, the priority lies in monitoring urine output for any abnormalities. Eating a light diet may be recommended, but it is not the priority post-procedure instruction.
2. A diet rich in _______ controls menopause symptoms:
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Soya items
- C. Fruits and veggies
- D. Eggs and meat
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A diet rich in soya items can help control menopause symptoms. Soya contains phytoestrogens, which are plant-based compounds that mimic the hormone estrogen in the body. These compounds may help alleviate menopause symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats. Choice A, Carbohydrates, do not specifically target menopause symptoms. Choice C, Fruits and veggies, while generally healthy, do not have the same impact on menopause symptoms as soya. Choice D, Eggs and meat, do not contain phytoestrogens like soya, making them less effective in managing menopause symptoms.
3. A client has just taken a dose of trimethobenzamide (Tigan). The nurse plans to monitor this client for relief of:
- A. Heartburn
- B. Constipation
- C. Abdominal pain
- D. Nausea and vomiting
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nausea and vomiting. Trimethobenzamide (Tigan) is an antiemetic medication used to treat nausea and vomiting. Therefore, the nurse would monitor the client for relief of nausea and vomiting after taking this medication.
4. After surgery, a client who had a colostomy says 'I know the doctor did not really do a colostomy'. The nurse understands that the client is in an early stage of adjustment to the diagnosis or surgery. What nursing action is indicated at this time?
- A. Agree with the client until they are ready to accept the colostomy.
- B. Say 'It must be difficult to have this kind of surgery'.
- C. Force the client to look at their colostomy.
- D. Ask the surgeon to explain the surgery to the client.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Acknowledging the client's feelings with empathy is essential in the early stage of adjustment to a colostomy surgery. By saying 'It must be difficult to have this kind of surgery,' the nurse validates the client's emotions and opens up a channel for further communication. Choice A is incorrect because agreeing with the client's denial is not therapeutic and may hinder acceptance. Choice C is inappropriate as it disregards the client's emotional state and autonomy. Choice D involves the surgeon and is not the nurse's role in addressing the client's emotional needs.
5. A client with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) is admitted with fluid volume overload. Which assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?
- A. Weight gain of 2 pounds in 24 hours
- B. Presence of a cough
- C. Edema in the lower extremities
- D. Shortness of breath
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D - Shortness of breath.' In a client with congestive heart failure experiencing fluid volume overload, shortness of breath is a critical finding that indicates possible pulmonary congestion and worsening heart failure. This symptom requires immediate attention to prevent further complications. Choices A, B, and C are common findings in clients with CHF but are not as urgent as shortness of breath. Weight gain may indicate fluid retention, cough can be due to pulmonary congestion, and edema in lower extremities is a common manifestation of CHF, but none of these findings are as concerning as shortness of breath in this scenario.