the upper folds of the labia minora surround the clitoris and unite to form the

HESI RN

Reproductive System Exam Quizlet

1. The upper folds of the labia minora surround the clitoris and unite to form the:

A. Frenulum
B. Prepuce
C. Fourchette
D. Vestibule

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prepuce. The upper folds of the labia minora surround the clitoris and unite to form the prepuce, which is a hood-like structure protecting the clitoris. The frenulum (choice A) is a small fold of tissue under the tongue or upper lip, not related to the female genitalia. The fourchette (choice C) refers to the area where the labia minora meet at the posterior end of the vulva, not involving the clitoris. The vestibule (choice D) is the space between the labia minora containing the vaginal and urethral openings, not directly formed by the upper folds of the labia minora.

2. During a vaginal examination, which of the following statements is true?

A. Cervical scrapes cytology can be taken in the same setting.
B. Preferably done after bimanual examination.
C. The cervix is best visualized with the Crisco's type of spectrum.
D. During pregnancy, the cervix feels firm like the tip of the nose.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The cervix is best visualized with the Cusco's type of spectrum. This statement is true and important during a vaginal examination. Choice A is incorrect because cervical cytology scrapes can be taken during the same setting as a vaginal examination, not necessarily prior to it. Choice B is incorrect as it states 'after' bimanual examination, which is not the typical sequence. Choice D is incorrect because during pregnancy, the cervix feels soft rather than firm like the tip of the nose.

3. Polymenorrhoea is defined as:

A. Menstruation that occurs at an interval less than 35 days
B. Menstruation that occurs at an interval greater than 35 days
C. Menstruation that occurs at an interval less than 21 days
D. Menstruation that occurs at an interval greater than 21 days

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Polymenorrhoea is defined as menstruation that occurs at intervals shorter than 21 days. Choice A is incorrect because it describes menstruation at intervals less than 35 days. Choice B is incorrect as it describes menstruation at intervals greater than 35 days. Choice D is incorrect as it describes menstruation at intervals greater than 21 days.

4. Which of the following is the most effective method of contraception?

A. Barrier methods
B. Hormonal pills
C. Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
D. Sterilization

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sterilization is considered the most effective method of contraception because it permanently prevents pregnancy. Barrier methods, hormonal pills, and IUDs are highly effective as well, but they are reversible methods and may have a higher failure rate compared to sterilization.

5. Which one of the following is not associated with poor maternal outcome?

A. APH
B. PPH
C. Cord prolapse
D. Pre-eclampsia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cord prolapse is not typically associated with poor maternal outcomes. Acute placental hemorrhage (APH - choice A) and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH - choice B) can lead to maternal morbidity and mortality due to excessive blood loss. Pre-eclampsia (choice D) is a serious pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organ systems, which can result in severe maternal complications if not managed promptly. Cord prolapse, though concerning for fetal well-being, does not inherently pose direct risks to maternal health if managed appropriately, making it the correct answer in this context.