HESI RN
HESI 799 RN Exit Exam Quizlet
1. The nurse observes an adolescent client preparing to administer a prescribed corticosteroid medication using a metered dose inhaler. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Remind the client to hold their breath after inhaling the medication
- B. Confirm that the client has correctly shaken the inhaler
- C. Affirm that the client has correctly positioned the inhaler
- D. Ask the client if they have a spacer to use for this medication
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Reminding the client to hold their breath after inhaling the medication is crucial as it helps ensure the medication is absorbed into the lungs. Option B is incorrect because shaking the inhaler is not directly related to the client's inhalation technique. Option C is incorrect as correct positioning of the inhaler is important but not the immediate action needed in this situation. Option D is incorrect as asking about the spacer is not the most relevant action to take at this moment.
2. The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) positioning a newly admitted client who has a seizure disorder. The client is supine, and the UAP is placing soft pillows along the side rails. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Ensure that the UAP has positioned the pillows effectively to protect the client.
- B. Instruct the UAP to obtain soft blankets to secure to the side rails instead of pillows.
- C. Assume responsibility for placing the pillows while the UAP completes another task.
- D. Ask the UAP to use some of the pillows to prop the client in a side-lying position.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the UAP to pad the side rails with soft blankets instead of pillows. Placing pillows along the side rails could lead to suffocation during a seizure and would need to be removed promptly. Instructing the UAP to use soft blankets is safer as they can help prevent injury without posing a risk of suffocation. Ensuring effective placement of the pillows (Choice A) is not appropriate as pillows should not be used in this situation. Assuming responsibility for placing the pillows (Choice C) or propping the client in a side-lying position with pillows (Choice D) are both unsafe actions and could potentially harm the client.
3. A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted with severe epigastric pain. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Nausea and vomiting.
- B. Hematemesis.
- C. Melena.
- D. Rebound tenderness.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In a client with a history of peptic ulcer disease presenting with severe epigastric pain, the finding that requires immediate intervention is rebound tenderness. Rebound tenderness can indicate peritonitis, a serious condition that necessitates immediate medical attention. Nausea and vomiting, hematemesis, and melena are also concerning symptoms in a client with a history of peptic ulcer disease, but they do not signify the urgency of intervention as rebound tenderness does.
4. What is the most important function of carbohydrates?
- A. Store and provide energy for the body
- B. Create amino acids
- C. Maintain body temperature
- D. Insulate body organs against shock
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most important function of carbohydrates is to store and provide energy for the body through metabolic processes. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is used as the primary source of energy for various cellular functions. Choice B is incorrect because amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, not directly created by carbohydrates. Choice C is incorrect as the regulation of body temperature is primarily controlled by mechanisms such as sweating and shivering, not carbohydrates. Choice D is incorrect as insulation of body organs against shock is mainly provided by adipose tissue, not carbohydrates.
5. The client with Addison's disease is receiving education on managing the condition. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Increase your sodium intake during periods of stress.
- B. Avoid all types of exercise.
- C. Decrease your fluid intake to prevent fluid overload.
- D. Stop corticosteroid therapy once symptoms improve.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction to include for a client with Addison's disease is to increase sodium intake during periods of stress. In Addison's disease, there is a deficiency of aldosterone leading to sodium loss. Increasing sodium intake helps to compensate for this loss and prevent complications. Choice B is incorrect as exercise is beneficial for overall health but should be done in moderation. Choice C is incorrect as fluid intake should be adequate to prevent dehydration since clients with Addison's disease are prone to electrolyte imbalances. Choice D is incorrect as corticosteroid therapy is essential for managing Addison's disease and should not be discontinued abruptly without medical guidance.