HESI RN
HESI Fundamentals Practice Exam
1. The healthcare professional is obtaining a lie-sit-stand blood pressure reading on a client. Which action is most important for the healthcare professional to implement?
- A. Stay with the client while the client is standing.
- B. Record the findings on the graphic sheet in the chart.
- C. Keep the blood pressure cuff on the same arm.
- D. Record changes in the client's pulse rate.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In obtaining a lie-sit-stand blood pressure reading, it is crucial for the healthcare professional to stay with the client while the client is standing. This action is the most important as it ensures client safety during the procedure. Recording findings, keeping the blood pressure cuff on the same arm, and monitoring pulse rate are all important tasks, but staying with the client while standing takes priority to prevent any potential falls or adverse events. By staying with the client, the healthcare professional can promptly address any signs of dizziness or instability, ensuring a safe environment for the client throughout the procedure.
2. A healthcare professional is reviewing the results of renal function testing in a client with renal calculi. Which finding indicates to the healthcare professional that the client’s blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is within the normal range?
- A. 2 mg/dL
- B. 18 mg/dL
- C. 25 mg/dL
- D. 35 mg/dL
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The normal BUN ranges from 5 to 20 mg/dL. A BUN level of 18 mg/dL falls within this normal range. Values of 25 and 35 mg/dL are elevated, suggesting potential renal insufficiency. Choice A (2 mg/dL) is abnormally low and not indicative of a normal BUN level.
3. The healthcare provider is assessing a client who has returned from hemodialysis. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Weight gain of 1 pound.
- B. Dizziness.
- C. Fatigue.
- D. Muscle cramps.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: After hemodialysis, muscle cramps can indicate an electrolyte imbalance, such as low potassium or magnesium levels, which requires immediate intervention to prevent potential complications like cardiac arrhythmias. Weight gain of 1 pound, dizziness, and fatigue are common post-hemodialysis symptoms that may not necessarily require immediate intervention unless they are severe or persisting.
4. Which of the following are signs and symptoms of vaginitis EXCEPT?
- A. Vaginal itching and irritation
- B. Heavy vaginal bleeding
- C. Pain during coitus
- D. Painful urination
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Vaginitis is characterized by symptoms such as vaginal itching, irritation, pain during coitus, and painful urination. However, heavy vaginal bleeding is not typically associated with vaginitis. Vaginal bleeding could be indicative of other conditions like cervical or endometrial issues, but it is not a common symptom of vaginitis.
5. A male client is admitted to the mental health unit because he experiences panic attacks when driving on the freeway. To attempt to desensitize this fear, what action should the nurse encourage the client to implement?
- A. Watch training videos of people driving in various environments
- B. Begin visualizing himself driving each route to the freeway
- C. Take antianxiety medication two hours before driving on freeways
- D. Get in the car with a support person and drive on a freeway during rush hour
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Visualization techniques, such as visualizing himself driving each route to the freeway, are commonly used in desensitization therapy to help clients gradually overcome their fears. Watching videos of others driving or taking medication do not actively involve the client in facing their fear, which is essential in desensitization therapy. Getting in the car with a support person during rush hour may exacerbate the client's anxiety rather than help in desensitization.