Nursing Elites

1. Approximately how many primordial follicles are present in the cortex of the ovary at birth?

• A. 250,000
• B. 200,000
• C. 150,000
• D. 100,000

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 250,000. At birth, there are approximately 250,000 primordial follicles in the cortex of each ovary. These primordial follicles represent the reserve of oocytes that a female will have throughout her reproductive life. Choice B, 200,000, is incorrect as the number is higher. Choices C and D, 150,000 and 100,000 respectively, are also incorrect as they underestimate the actual number of primordial follicles present at birth.

2. Septic abortion is characterized by:

• A. Backache.
• B. Os open.
• C. Heavy bleeding.
• D. Maternal pyrexia.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Septic abortion is characterized by maternal pyrexia. Maternal pyrexia, or fever, is a hallmark sign of septic abortion due to infection. Backache and heavy bleeding can be present in abortion but are not specific to septic abortion. 'Os open' does not directly characterize septic abortion.

3. Where does fertilization normally occur?

• A. Ampulla
• B. Interstitial portion
• C. Isthmus
• D. Infundibulum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the fallopian tube. The ampulla provides the ideal environment for fertilization due to the presence of cilia that help transport the egg and sperm, as well as the nourishing fluid within this region. The interstitial portion, isthmus, and infundibulum of the fallopian tube are not the primary sites for fertilization. The interstitial portion connects the fallopian tube to the uterine cavity, the isthmus is the narrowest part near the uterus, and the infundibulum is the funnel-shaped end near the ovary, where the egg is captured after ovulation.

4. Which of the following is not a complication of menopause?

• A. Fractures
• B. Alzheimer's disease
• C. Congestive heart failure
• D. Painful intercourse

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Congestive heart failure is not typically associated with menopause. Menopause is linked to an increased risk of fractures due to bone density loss, a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease due to hormonal changes affecting the brain, and painful intercourse due to vaginal dryness and decreased lubrication. While cardiovascular health can be affected by menopause, congestive heart failure is not a direct complication of menopause.

5. What should be included in the differential diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy?

• A. Inevitable abortion
• B. Dysmenorrhea
• C. Twisted ovarian cyst
• D. Fibroids

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the differential diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, conditions such as twisted ovarian cysts should be considered. Twisted ovarian cysts can present with similar symptoms to ectopic pregnancy, making it important to include them in the differential diagnosis. Choices A, B, and D are not typically part of the differential diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Inevitable abortion refers to an imminent miscarriage, dysmenorrhea is characterized by painful menstruation, and fibroids are benign growths in the uterus, none of which are directly related to ectopic pregnancy.

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