Nursing Elites

1. What type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder?

• A. Transitional epithelium.
• B. Stratified epithelium.
• C. Glandular tissue.
• D. Endometrium.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transitional epithelium. The urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelium, a specialized type of epithelial tissue that can stretch and recoil to accommodate changes in volume as the bladder fills and empties. Stratified epithelium (choice B) is not the main lining of the urinary bladder and is found in other areas like the skin. Glandular tissue (choice C) is responsible for producing secretions and is not typically found lining the urinary bladder. Endometrium (choice D) is the inner lining of the uterus and is not present in the urinary bladder.

2. What is a cord inserted to the very edge of the placenta known as?

• A. Battledore insertion
• B. Placenta velamentosa
• C. Placenta accreta
• D. Vasa Praevia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A cord inserted to the very edge of the placenta is known as battledore insertion. This occurs when the cord is attached to the fetal membranes at the placental margin rather than directly to the placental tissue. Placenta velamentosa refers to the condition where the umbilical cord inserts into the fetal membranes before it reaches the placenta. Placenta accreta is a condition where the placenta attaches too deeply into the uterine wall. Vasa Praevia is a condition where fetal blood vessels run across or near the internal cervical opening.

3. At 6-8 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:

• A. Colostrum can be expressed.
• B. Breasts become tender.
• C. Montgomery's tubercles are prominent.
• D. Nipples become prominent and mobile.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: At 6-8 weeks of pregnancy, one of the changes in the breast includes the prominence of Montgomery's tubercles. These sebaceous glands around the nipple become more noticeable at this stage. Colostrum production usually occurs later in pregnancy, typically closer to the third trimester. While breast tenderness is a common symptom of early pregnancy, it is not specific to the 6-8 week timeframe. Nipples becoming more prominent and mobile may happen later in pregnancy as the body prepares for breastfeeding, but it is not a typical change seen specifically at 6-8 weeks.

4. Which structure maintains the uterus in an anteverted and anteflexed position?

• A. Round ligaments
• B. Broad ligaments
• C. Cardinal ligaments
• D. Pubocervical ligaments

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the Round ligaments. The round ligaments are responsible for maintaining the uterus in an anteverted and anteflexed position. These ligaments attach from the sides of the uterus and extend through the inguinal canal to the labia majora. The other choices, Broad ligaments, Cardinal ligaments, and Pubocervical ligaments, have different functions and attachments within the pelvis. Broad ligaments are a double layer of peritoneum that encloses the uterus and supports the uterine tubes. Cardinal ligaments provide support to the cervix and upper vagina. Pubocervical ligaments support the cervix and bladder.

5. How does human sperm move?

• A. Flagella
• B. Cilia
• C. Neutrophils
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Human sperm moves using flagella, which are whip-like structures that aid in propulsion. Flagella are tail-like structures found in sperm cells and help them swim towards the egg for fertilization. Cilia are shorter, hair-like structures that are not involved in the movement of sperm. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response and are not related to sperm locomotion.

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