Nursing Elites

1. What type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder?

• A. Transitional epithelium.
• B. Stratified epithelium.
• C. Glandular tissue.
• D. Endometrium.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transitional epithelium. The urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelium, a specialized type of epithelial tissue that can stretch and recoil to accommodate changes in volume as the bladder fills and empties. Stratified epithelium (choice B) is not the main lining of the urinary bladder and is found in other areas like the skin. Glandular tissue (choice C) is responsible for producing secretions and is not typically found lining the urinary bladder. Endometrium (choice D) is the inner lining of the uterus and is not present in the urinary bladder.

2. When does a broad ligament haematoma occur?

• A. Rupture occurs in the mesenteric border of the tube.
• B. Rupture occurs in the ovarian ligament.
• C. Rupture occurs in the broad ligament.
• D. Rupture occurs in the uterine wall.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A broad ligament hematoma occurs when there is a rupture in the mesenteric border of the tube. This typically happens due to trauma or other underlying conditions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because a broad ligament hematoma specifically involves a rupture in the mesenteric border of the tube, not the ovarian ligament, broad ligament, or uterine wall.

3. Which of the following investigations is done in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease?

• A. Paracentesis
• B. Culdocentesis
• C. Hysterectomy
• D. Douching

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Culdocentesis is the correct procedure performed to assess the pelvic cavity, often used in the diagnosis of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. Paracentesis involves the aspiration of fluid from the abdominal cavity, not typically done for PID. Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus and is not a diagnostic investigation for PID. Douching is a hygiene practice and not a diagnostic procedure for PID.

4. Which of the following are examples of external genitalia?

• A. Mons veneris
• B. Labia majora
• C. Vagina
• D. Cervix

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mons veneris. The mons veneris and labia majora are considered external genitalia as they are visible externally. The vagina and cervix, on the other hand, are internal structures. The vagina is the canal leading from the external genitals to the cervix, which is the lower, narrow portion of the uterus.

5. Discuss the anatomical/physiological changes in pregnancy related to the breasts.

• A. Breast tenderness increases, circulatory supply to the breasts increases, leading to breast enlargement, and colostrum secretion occurs.
• B. Breast tenderness decreases, and there is no significant change in breast size.
• C. Breast changes include decreased tenderness and reduced circulatory supply.
• D. Breasts do not undergo significant changes during pregnancy.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During pregnancy, the breasts undergo significant anatomical and physiological changes. These changes include increased breast tenderness, an increase in circulatory supply to the breasts, resulting in breast enlargement, and the secretion of colostrum. Choice B is incorrect as breast tenderness actually increases during pregnancy. Choice C is incorrect as the circulatory supply to the breasts increases rather than reduces. Choice D is incorrect as breasts do undergo notable changes during pregnancy.

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